Category: Marine Life

Morays & eels in the Andaman Sea

13/2/2026

Did you know there are 200 species of moray eels in the world, and that we can find quite a few in the Andaman Sea?

In this article, I wanted to present the diversity in shapes and colors of the morays eels we have encountered in the Andaman Sea. All the pictures below were taken by Franck Fogarolo (our cruise director and onboard photographer) on the west coast of Thailand and Myanmar.

Morays VS Eels VS Sea Snakes?

All morays are eels, but not all eels are morays and neither of them are snakes!

For example, garden eels and snake eels are part of this eel's family but are not moray. Learn how to differentiate ones from the others.

Snake eels are usually burrowed in the sand

and their head is the only seen visible most of the time

Snake eel swimming on a blackwater dive

All Eels are anguiliform: they have a long snake-like body and fewer fins than other fishes (no pelvic or pectoral fins).
Like other true eels, the moray's dorsal fin begins just behind its head, extends along the length of its body and is fused with the caudal (tail) and anal fins.

Unlike snakes, moray eels have no scales and can breathe underwater.

just like other snakes, banded sea krait need to breath air above water

Snakes being reptiles (just like as turtles), they breathe through lungs and need to come up for air on a regular basis, even pelagic snakes who spend their lives offshore (learn more about sea snakes in this fascinating blogpost).

pelagic sea snake is a freediving champion that can hold their breath up to 8 hours!

Morays are present in all the tropical seas of the world, and they generally live in reef areas and rocky bottoms.
Most moray eels are nocturnal carnivores hunting fish and crustaceans, and night dives are the best time to see them actively searching for their next meal! They can eat fish, mollusks (squid and cuttlefish), and crustaceans (crabs).
During the day, they mostly remain hidden in the cracks or under rocks, leaving only their breathing head visible to scuba divers.
Most morays eels need to keep their mouth open to breath: the water passes through their gills and mouth.
Although moray eels have visibly long and sharp teeth that can scare many novice divers, they are quite skittish animals and will surely prefer to retreat in their hole to flee rather than attack anyone. Moray have no scales, no pectoral fins, and no pelvic fins.

A few Moray & eels species encountered in the Andaman Sea

Giant moray eel:

The largest species we can encounter in Thailand and Myanmar is the giant moray eels (Gymnothorax javanicus).
It is one of the 3 largest morays in the world and can measure more than 3 meters in length and while its size is impressive, its brown color is quite dull.

White eyes moray eels :

A much smaller moray eel we often find is the White eyed moray (Gymnothorax thyrsoideus) also called Greyface moray.
Its body is speckled with small dark spots and has a predominantly beige color that can vary in strength between different eels but they all have their distinctive white eyes. This moray loves shallow water and can live in lagoons or protected reefs. The white eyed moray is only about 40cm long and it is not rare to see 3 or more of them living together in the same crack.

Gray faced moray (Gymnothorax thyrsoideus)

Ribbon eels:

Surprisingly enough the striking ribbon eel (Rhinomuraena quaesita) is also part of the moray eels family and surely my favorite for its distinctive colours.
Learn more about the drag queen of the seas...

Ribbon Eel (Rhinomuraena quaesita)

Honeycomb moray:

Juvenile Honeycomb moray (Gymnothorax favagineus)

Another pretty species is the Honeycomb moray (Gymnothorax favagineus). Also known as the leopard moray, tessellate moray or laced moray, its body is white and covered with dark brown spots, evoking the coat of the leopard.

adult Honeycomb moray

another beautiful honeycomb in Burma Banks

Zebra moray:

Another interesting specimen is the Zebra moray eel (Gymnomuraena zebra)... This species lives 10 to 20 years and can reach a maximum length of 150cm. Zebra moray eels are often confused with the banded sea snakes but look at their shape (and pattern) more closely and you will surely be able to tell one from the other.

Zebra Moray (Gymnomuraena zebra)

Clouded moray:

Moreover, we can find the clouded moray (Echidna nebulosa), also called Snowflake moray.
This moray is recognizable thanks to its light-colored body with two rows of large dark blotches along its sides. This species also has yellow eyes.
They do not have sharp teeth but possess small blunt teeth. They feed mainly on crustaceans.

Fimbriated moray:

We can also observe regularly the Fimbriated moray (Gymnothorax fimbriatus). These greenish morays have the body covered with black spots. In the juveniles, the spots are much larger. Moreover, It’s normally bright yellow or green in color and has a longer snout than most other species.

Bar-Tail moray:

Another shay moray eel that is not rare to see but always quite fast to hide away is the Bar-tail moray (Gymnothorax zonipectus).
This species is easily identified by the light spot between the eye, and the corner of the mouth, the long snout/ nostrils, and the strongly defined, banded patter of the body. This moray eel likes shallow waters and is usually quite solitary.

Barred moray eel:

Mature adult Barred moray (Echidna-polyzona)

The Barred moray (Echidna-polyzona) is a species of moray eel found in the tropical waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean that holds manay names: Girdled Moray | Banded Moray | Barred Moray | Many Banded Moray Eel | Ringed Moray | Striped Moray | Zebra Eel. With a maximum length of about 1 meter, these eels have a distinctive appearance, featuring dark brown or black bands across their yellow or cream-colored bodies. They inhabit shallow coastal waters, including rocky reefs and coral reefs. Being nocturnal predators, they emerge from their hiding places at night to feed on small fish and crustaceans. While not much is known about their reproductive behavior, they are likely to be oviparous.

The Highfin Moray:

Highfin Moray (gymnothorax pseudothyrsoideus)

The Highfin Moray (gymnothorax pseudothyrsoideus) is another rarer species of eel found in the Indo-Pacific region.

The Highfin Moray is known for its elongated body and distinctively dorsal fin, which is exceptionally tall and extends along much of its back. This fin gives the species its common name, "Highfin" Moray. The eel can grow up to 1 meter in length.

These eels are typically found in coral reefs and rocky areas, often hiding within crevices or coral formations. They are skilled hunters, feeding primarily on fish, crustaceans, and other small marine organisms.

Highfin Morays are generally nocturnal, becoming more active and feeding during the night. They have a keen sense of smell and use their strong jaws and sharp teeth to capture prey.

While the specific conservation status of the Highfin Moray may vary across its range, like other eel species, it may face threats such as habitat degradation, pollution, and overfishing in certain areas.

Yellow-headed moray:

Yellow-headed moray (Gymnothorax rueppelliae) photo by Oren Kidron, Mergui Archipelago

Gymnothorax rueppelliae is most commonly known as the yellow-headed moray. This striking Indo-Pacific reef species is recognized by its contrasting dark brown body marked with pale vertical bands and its distinctly yellow to yellow-tan head. It inhabits coral reefs, lagoons, and outer reef slopes, hiding in crevices by day and emerging at night to hunt small fish and crustaceans. It is sometimes confused with the Gymnothorax fimbriatus, but the yellow-headed moray typically shows broader, more clearly defined pale bars that fully encircle the body and a comparatively cleaner, solid-colored head. The fimbriated moray, by contrast, usually has finer, more mottled banding and noticeable speckling on the head and jaws. Despite its sharp teeth and open-mouthed resting posture, the yellow-headed moray is generally shy and plays an important role as a nocturnal predator within reef ecosystems.

Tiger Reef eel:

Tiger Reef eel (Scuticaria tigrina)

The Tiger Reef eel (Scuticaria tigrina) is a rare species of moray eel primarily found in the coral reefs and rocky areas in the Indo-Pacific region. Other names for this funny critter: tiger reef-eel, tiger snake moray, tiger moray eel, tiger moray, tiger eel, spotted eel, or the spotted snake moray.
Tiger Reef eel are primarily nocturnal predators, preying on small fish and crustaceans. They utilize their strong sense of smell and excellent camouflage to ambush their prey. Their elongated body, devoid of dorsal fin, is densely marked with dark blotches and can reach lengths of up to 70 centimeters.

Did you know?

You can even see eels on blackwater dives! Such a cool, alien-like critter!

You can even see eels on blackwater dives, such as this larvae

We look forward to welcoming you on The Smiling Seahorse and show you all the wonderful moray eels of the Andaman Sea in Thailand or Myanmar.
For more info about what can be seen from our cruises, refer to our Andaman Sea Marine life page.

0 Comments

How do marine animals sleep under the sea?

2/10/2025

0 Comments

Exploring the Fascinating Sleep Patterns of Ocean Live

The Ocean is home to a diverse array of creatures, each with its own unique behaviors and adaptations. While we often associate sleep with land-dwelling animals, marine life exhibits an intriguing variety of sleep patterns that are both fascinating and essential to their survival. From the depths of the ocean to coastal regions, understanding how these creatures rest provides a glimpse into the intricate balance of life underwater.
But before we speak about sleeping, let's speak first about breathing: among marine animals, you have to separate animals who can breathe underwater and animals who hold their breath… as that has a major impact on their napping habits!

1/ Animal that can breathe underwater

Parrotfish Create a Protective Sleeping Bag Out of Their Own Mucus and Rest Inside it

Fish can breathe underwater and don't need to reach the surface during their sleep!

Unlike humans, most fish do not have eyelids, making traditional sleep indicators challenging to identify, indeed you will never see a fish resting immobile with his eyes closed so scientific have studied their brain activity to determine sleep patterns.
Many species seek sheltered areas to rest, utilizing coral crevices, underwater caves, or even burying themselves in the sand. This behavior not only provides protection from predators but also offers a sense of security crucial for a restful slumber.
An interesting sleeping behavior that can be witnessed on most night dives in the Andaman Sea is the way parrotfish sleep at night: they produce a mucous membrane acting as their nocturnal sleeping bag, a smart way to get some defense against parasites who might want to attack overnight. On your next night dive, peek under rocks if you want to observe their slimy sleeping bags but remember that they do not have eyelids! Be a mindful night diver and avoid shining your lights directly at them as you might wake them up, and they will be protection less until the next day, as they will not have enough mucus to build a second sleeping bubble.
But not all species are able to get a good night rest, and some species are condemned to eternal insomnia:
Most Sharks and Rays need to keep on moving, day and night!

Oceanic Manta Ray sleep in mysterious ways...

Most Sharks and Rays, aren't equipped with a swimming bladder and need to swim perpetually to avoid sinking to the bottom of the ocean and to keep on breathing.
Much like their cousins, the whale sharks, Manta rays are ram ventilators, a type of fish that relies on constant forward motion to force water containing oxygen into their mouths and over their gills. Both of these ocean giants seem to vanish into the night, leaving researchers puzzled about their sleeping hideaways. Despite their large size and prominence during the day, these gentle giants manage to elude our understanding when night falls, sparking curiosity about their secret slumber spots and the unique way they navigate their rest in the mysterious depths of the ocean.
While it remains an untested hypothesis, some scientists believe that manta rays may be able to rest by shutting down one half of their brain while the other half remains active allowing them to continue swimming while still getting a form of rest.
Their perpetual motion becomes a conscious journey that spans their impressive lifespans of 40-80 years, they might never experience sleep in their life!

2/Animals that hold their breath underwater

Other popular animals that are constantly swimming are dolphins! These marine mammals cannot breathe underwater and need to come to the surface regularly to take a conscious breath of air!
Unlike humans (who continue breathing while sleeping), these marine mammals have voluntary breathing. They need to make a conscious decision to breathe. These creatures have a remarkable adaptation— unihemispheric slow-wave sleep. One hemisphere enters deep sleep for survival-related functions, while the other handles breathing and predator awareness. Unlike seals, cetaceans, including dolphins, are believed not to experience REM sleep, the dream phase.

Dolphins can put half of their brain to sleep and keep on swimming

Sperm whales are known to sleep vertically or in a near-vertical position in the water. They typically do this for short periods, usually lasting about 10 to 15 minutes. During this time, they are in a state of rest, characterized by a lowered metabolic rate and reduced activity.
Despite being asleep, they are semi-aware of their surroundings and maintain enough consciousness to continue breathing and avoid potential dangers. This state of rest allows them to rejuvenate and conserve energy while still being able to respond quickly to any threats in their environment.

Periodically, sperm whales need to come to the surface to breathe. They are mammals and, like other whales, are conscious breathers. They have blowholes located on top of their heads, which they use to exhale old air and inhale fresh air. Normally, they surface to breathe every 10 to 15 minutes. This surfacing behavior is not only for breathing but also coincides with their sleep patterns. They often rise to the surface to take a breath between their periods of logging.
This cycle of diving, logging, and surfacing is crucial for their survival, enabling them to balance the need for rest with the necessity of breathing and remaining alert to their surroundings in the vast ocean depths.

Sperm Whales logging: they go in a state of rest, but are never entirely unconscious. Photo: IC/James Ferrara

Reptiles, like sea turtles and sea snakes also need to come to the surface regularly to breathe, so what is their strategy to have a good night rest?

Hawksbill Turtle taking a snooze under a rock

It is not uncommon while diving in the Andaman Sea to catch a hawksbill or green turtle, taking a snooze under a rock ledge during your dive. Indeed, studies have revealed that these magnificent sea turtles spend a significant portion of their time resting, amounting to about 11 hours a day, so you've got a 40% chance of seeing them asleep!
Sea turtles can sleep on the seabed thanks to their remarkable breath-holding ability and slowed metabolic rate, conserving oxygen during rest. Different species display varying sleeping styles—hawksbills and greens often revisiting the same sleeping spots, while Olive Ridleys may opt for sunbathing on beaches or floating on the surface while they sleep.

Conclusion

Marine animals sleep in surprising ways. Some, like dolphins, keep one eye open while they snooze. Others, like green sea turtles, rest underwater for long stretches without needing to breathe. And as unbelievable as it may be, some marine creatures don't sleep at all!
Understanding these sleep patterns makes us wonder: How does the way they sleep help these animals survive in the ocean? Could their sleep secrets teach us more about how they live and adapt?
Exploring how marine animals sleep isn't just about bedtime stories. It's like opening a door to a world of mysteries hiding beneath the waves. As we learn more, we might uncover not just how they sleep, but also how their lives fit together in the big picture of ocean life.

0 Comments

10 Alien Creatures You’ll Only Encounter While Blackwater Diving

20/9/2025

0 Comments

After sunset, the Andaman Sea between Thailand and Myanmar transforms into a mysterious, living galaxy. Beneath the surface, beyond coral reefs and moonlit shallows, unfolds the planet’s largest nightly migration — as billions of deep-sea creatures rise from the abyss in search of food.
Blackwater diving offers a front-row seat to this breathtaking phenomenon. Suspended in the inky darkness by a tether line and surrounded by carefully placed lights, divers float above hundreds of meters of open ocean — face-to-face with glowing jellyfish, larval fish, paper-thin cephalopods, and other strange, rarely seen life forms.

What makes Blackwater Diving So Special?

Because it is offshore, Blackwater diving isn’t your regular night dive. It’s a window into the mesopelagic zone — the twilight zone of the ocean where light barely penetrates, and bioluminescence reigns supreme. Every night, marine larvae and deep-sea organisms make brief appearances near the water surface. Each dive is unpredictable, filled with fleeting encounters that might never happen again.
Whether you're in the Andaman Sea or Blackwater diving elsewhere, these are the 10 of the most extraordinary pelagic creatures divers may only encounter on blackwater dives.

**1. Blanket Octopus (Tremoctopus spp.)**

The Blanket Octopus (Tremoctopus spp.) is a striking deep-sea cephalopod known for the large, web-like membranes that trail from the arms of females, resembling a flowing blanket. This structure is used for defense, making the octopus appear larger to predators. Females can grow over 2 meters long, while males are tiny, rarely exceeding a few centimeters—one of the most extreme examples of sexual size dimorphism in the animal kingdom. Found in warm open oceans worldwide, Blanket Octopuses are solitary and rarely seen. They are capable swimmers and can detach parts of their web to distract threats. Remarkably, some use the stinging tentacles of Portuguese man o’ war as tools for defense and hunting.

2. Ctenophores (Comb Jellies)

Comb jellies are among the longest-roaming invertebrate marine creatures on planet Earth. These carnivorous and voracious predators are delicate and gelatinous in structure. They possess eight rows of cilia-bearing plates used for “combing” and propelling themselves through the water. These plates can also produce and refract low levels of light.
Their bodies are composed of more than 95% water and lack respiratory, circulatory, excretory, and skeletal systems. Some species, such as Beroe forskalii, have a mouth used for biting prey — often other ctenophores — and anal pores for excretion.
Other species feature two tentacles covered with sticky cells called colloblasts, which are used to snare prey and draw it toward their mouths. Digestion occurs when enzymes liquefy the captured prey, with the remains expelled either through the mouth or the anal pores.

3. Eel Larvea

Eel larvae, known as leptocephali, are the transparent, ribbon-like early life stage of many marine eel species. Unlike typical fish larvae, leptocephali are laterally compressed, leaf-shaped, and nearly invisible in the water, offering excellent camouflage in the open ocean. They drift with currents for extended periods—sometimes months or years—feeding on dissolved organic matter and marine snow. During this pelagic phase, they grow before undergoing metamorphosis into the more cylindrical "glass eel" stage. From there, they begin their migration toward coastal habitats. The leptocephalus stage reflects the eel’s complex life cycle and plays a key role in marine ecosystems as both predator and prey.

4. Paper Nautilus (Argonauta argo)

The Paper Nautilus (Argonauta argo) is a rare pelagic octopus known for the delicate, paper-thin shell produced by females. Unlike true nautiluses, this shell is not for protection but serves as an egg case and buoyancy aid. Females can grow up to 30 cm and are significantly larger than the tiny, shell-less males. A. argo lives near the ocean surface and is found in warm and temperate seas worldwide. It preys on small crustaceans and jellyfish, using its webbed arms to capture food. The species is known for its graceful movement and is often seen floating or drifting with ocean currents. Despite its fragile appearance, the Paper Nautilus is a highly adapted and mysterious cephalopod, captivating scientists and divers alike with its unique reproductive behavior and ephemeral beauty.

5. Tripod Fish Larvae

Tripod Fish
Youtube

Tripod fish larvae are the juvenile form of deep-sea tripod fish, typically belonging to the genus Bathypterois. Unlike their adult counterparts, which rest on the seafloor using elongated fin rays like stilts, the larvae are pelagic and drift in the open ocean. They are nearly transparent, with soft, delicate bodies adapted for life in the water column. As they develop, the characteristic elongated pelvic and caudal fin rays begin to form, eventually enabling the unique tripod stance seen in adults. These larvae feed on plankton and rely on ocean currents for transport. Their transition from free-floating juveniles to benthic ambush predators is one of the many fascinating adaptations of deep-sea life, reflecting the complexity of marine developmental stages in extreme environments.

6. Snake Blenny Larvae

Snake blennies
Blackwater diving - YouTube

Snake blenny larvae are the early life stage of elongated, eel-like fish in the family Stichaeidae, found in cold and temperate marine waters. Unlike the benthic adults that dwell near rocky or sandy substrates, the larvae are pelagic, drifting in the upper ocean layers. They are nearly transparent, with slender, ribbon-like bodies that offer camouflage from predators. Their large eyes and minimal pigmentation help them navigate and feed on microscopic plankton. As they grow, they begin to develop the characteristic elongated dorsal and anal fins of adult snake blennies. This transformation from a drifting larva to a bottom-dwelling fish illustrates the complex life cycle of many marine species, adapted for survival in both pelagic and benthic zones.

7. Amphipods

Amphipods are small, shrimp-like crustaceans found in marine, freshwater, and even terrestrial environments. With laterally compressed bodies and no carapace, they range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters. Amphipods are incredibly diverse, with over 10,000 known species, including pelagic, benthic, and parasitic forms. They play vital ecological roles as scavengers, herbivores, and prey for larger animals. Many species live among algae, sediment, or detritus, while others, like deep-sea amphipods, inhabit extreme environments. Their bodies are segmented, with distinct head, thorax, and abdomen regions, and equipped with specialized limbs for swimming, burrowing, or clinging. Amphipods are key contributors to nutrient cycling and food webs across ecosystems.

8. Pelagic Seahorses (Hippocampus spp.)

Pelagic Seahorse
Blackwater diving - YouTube

Pelagic seahorses (Hippocampus spp.) are a rare group of seahorses that live in the open ocean, drifting with currents rather than anchoring to reefs or vegetation like most of their relatives. These seahorses are often found clinging to floating debris, seaweed, or Sargassum, using their prehensile tails for stability. Their bodies are upright, armored with bony plates, and capable of subtle color changes for camouflage. Pelagic seahorses feed on tiny planktonic crustaceans, sucking them in through their tubular snouts. Males carry fertilized eggs in a specialized brood pouch until giving birth to fully formed young. Their life in the open sea makes them difficult to study, but they are a vital part of surface marine ecosystems.

9. Larval Flounder

Flounder
Blackwater diving - YouTube

The larval stage of flounders marks a dramatic transformation in these flatfish. After hatching, flounder larvae are symmetrical and free-swimming, resembling typical fish with an eye on each side of the head. As they develop, a unique metamorphosis occurs: one eye migrates to the opposite side, and the body flattens to adapt to a benthic lifestyle. During this stage, larvae drift in the plankton-rich upper ocean, feeding on microscopic organisms. Their bodies are mostly transparent, aiding in camouflage from predators. Once metamorphosis is complete, the juvenile flounder settles on the seafloor, lying on its blind side. This complex development allows flounders to exploit both pelagic and benthic environments during their life cycle.

10. Squid Larvea

Inshore Squid
Blackwater diving - YouTube

Squid larvae, also known as paralarvae, are the early life stage of squids, emerging from eggs as miniature, free-swimming versions of adults. They are planktonic, drifting in the upper layers of the ocean where they feed on microscopic organisms. These larvae are transparent or semi-transparent, aiding in camouflage, and possess large eyes and developing tentacles. Unlike true larvae, squid paralarvae do not undergo a complete metamorphosis but gradually grow into their adult form. As they mature, they develop the muscular mantle, chromatophores, and jet propulsion used in adult locomotion. Squid larvae play a vital role in marine food webs, serving as prey for fish and other predators while beginning their own journey as agile hunters.

Blackwater Dive Briefing – Safety, Awareness & Expectations

Blackwater diving is a thrilling and unique experience, but it requires preparation, awareness, and respect for others in the water to ensure a smooth and enjoyable dive for everyone.

What to Expect:
You’ll be tethered to a central downline, suspended in open water hundreds of meters deep, surrounded by darkness and illuminated only by strobes or torches. The environment can be disorienting at first, but it’s also incredibly exhilarating—offering glimpses of rare pelagic life.

Safety & Prerequisites:
● This dive is not for beginners—advanced certification and solid buoyancy control are essential.
●      Prior night diving experience is strongly recommended.
●      Always stay aware of your depth and proximity to the downline.
For underwater photography, use a red focus light to avoid scaring away the animals.

Diver Etiquette & Spatial Awareness:
● Be mindful of your light control—waving your torch around can disturb marine life and irritate other divers. Avoid shining it in other people's eyes, especially when pupils are fully dilated in the dark.
● Always be conscious of your 3D space: move slowly, maintain vertical awareness, and never swim directly under another diver—your bubbles can scare off the subjects they’re observing.
●      It's helpful to coordinate depth zones among divers during the briefing, allowing everyone enough room and reducing overlap. Agreeing on a depth rotation plan can also enhance everyone’s experience.

Personal Tip:

There’s no perfect depth—what works for one diver may not work for another. I find it useful to explore away from the group and return regularly to the main line. This gives space for quiet observation while maintaining a safe reference point.
Stay calm, be respectful, and enjoy the mysterious magic of the blackwater world.

When and Where to Dive

In the Andaman Sea, between Thailand and Myanmar, we’ve been spotting more critters during the full moon — when tidal movement is at its peak.

While blackwater diving is technically possible year-round, we only offer it during the national park season, which runs from October to May.

All our cruises include one FREE blackwater dive when conditions are safe and suitable!

Book Your Blackwater Adventure!

Ready to go beyond the reef and into the unknown? Blackwater diving is an unforgettable highlight of any dive trip — a surreal mix of science, mystery, and raw ocean wonder. Witness alien-like creatures rise from the depths in an experience like no other.

Check our cruise schedule and find the perfect departure to experience this one-of-a-kind dive...

0 Comments

SPANISH DANCER : Fun Facts You'll Love About The Most Flamenco Nudibranch

1/7/2025

0 Comments

All about the spanish dancer, the hexabranchus sanguineus

The Spanish Dancer (Hexabranchus sanguineus) : A Must-See for Nudi lovers!

The Spanish Dancer (scientific name: Hexabranchus sanguineus) is one of the most fascinating marine animals found in tropical and subtropical seas. Known for its striking colours, graceful movements, and the distinctive shape of its body, the Spanish Dancer has captured the attention of divers, marine enthusiasts, and photographers alike.

Whether you’re an avid diver or a marine life enthusiast, this colourful nudi should be on your marine life bucket list!
Read on to find answers to the question you may have about this unique sea slug.

Picture of a young Spanish dancer on the reef - Hexobranchus Sanguineus

Spanish Dancer : FAQ

1. What's so special about them?
2. Where can you see Spanish Dancers?
3. What do they Eat?
4. How do they reproduce?
5. Are they rare?
6. Are they dangerous?
7. Can they really swim?

What's so special about Spanish Dancers?

Nudibranchs, (literally means naked gills) are divided into two main groups: dorids and aeolids.

Dorids breathe through feathery gill clusters on their backs, while aeolids have spike-like structures called cerata for respiration.

Spanish Dancers are part of the dorid family, equipped with six fluffy tuft of gills which they can retract in individual pouches when they feel threatened.

The Spanish Dancer standout among nudibranchs for several reasons.

First, it is one of the rare nudibranch that can swim! When threatened, it unfurls its ruffled mantle in a graceful, undulating motion, much like a flamenco dancer’s skirt, which is how it earned its common name.

Its brilliant red, orange, and pink coloration isn’t just for show—it’s a warning signal to predators that the creature is toxic.

In addition to its dazzling appearance, it’s one of the largest nudibranchs, sometimes reaching impressive sizes (up to 90cm!) that make it a favorite subject for underwater photographers and marine enthusiasts alike.

Anatomy of nudibranch - Dorid VS Aeolid

Where can you see Spanish Dancers?

Spanish Dancers are typically found in warm reef environments at depths of 5 to 30 meters and are most common in tropical waters across the Indo-Pacific.

Notable locations include the Philippines, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Australia, and Hawaii, as well as renowned dive sites like the Great Barrier Reef, Raja Ampat, Anilao, Maldives, and the Red Sea.

These creatures thrive in pristine, healthy reefs where temperature, salinity, and water quality are maintained—but they are highly sensitive to pollution and habitat degradation, which can severely impact their survival. Seeing them is one of the indicators of a healthy reef!

In the Andaman Sea these superbe nudibranchs are known to reside in shallow reefs—often hiding in crevices during the day and emerging at night.

More common in Mergui Archipelago, Myanmar but also often sighted in Thai Waters, diving here offers excellent opportunities to witness the Spanish Dancer in its natural habitat.

Spanish Dancer Unfurling Its Mantle or Parapodia

Spanish dancers diet is carnivorous, they eat sponges and participate in the health of the reef

Spanish dancers are carnivorous sponge eaters

What do Spanish Dancers eat?

Spanish Dancers are carnivorous and primarily feed on various sponges—a diet that is essential for their survival.

They are known to feed on species from the Halichondriidae family, among others, and in doing so, they accumulate chemical compounds that they later use as a defense mechanism.

Their feeding habits not only sustain them but also help regulate sponge populations within the reef ecosystem.

How do Spanish Dancers reproduce?

Like most nudibranchs, the Spanish Dancer is a simultaneous hermaphrodite—meaning each individual possesses both male and female reproductive organs. When mating, two individuals exchange sperm, fertilizing each other’s eggs. Mating is an head to toa affair that can take hours or even days!!!

After fertilization, they separate and each with lay long, spiral-shaped egg ribbons after 1-4 days. These delicate egg masses are laid in a spiral pattern giving them a resemblance to a delicate rose in bloom and are commonly referred to as "ocean roses". This unique structure is a fascinating aspect of their reproductive process and it is more common to encounter the eggs than their parents, especially during the day dives.

These fancy egg ribbons also inherit some of the potent toxins from the nudibranch’s diet, offering them a chemical shield against potential predators.

Spanish Dancer lay they Eggs in a spiral pattern

Spanish dancer's eggs are also called Ocean rose

Are Spanish Dancers Rare?

While the Spanish Dancer is not commonly encountered on every dive, it isn’t classified as extremely rare either.
They are typically found in healthy coral reef ecosystems where sponges abound.

Their elusive nature—often hiding during daylight and emerging at night—means that spotting one during the day is very rare!

The best time to observe a Spanish Dancer is during a night dive. These nocturnal creatures become most active after sunset, emerging to feed, mate, and explore the reef. Watching them twirl through the water under the glow of a dive torch is an unforgettable experience for any underwater adventurer.

In Myanmar, we've got a dive site we nicknamed Spanish Garden because of the number of Spanish dancer we've met there!

Are Spanish Dancers Dangerous?

Spanish Dancers are not dangerous to humans and they do not possess a sting, nor are they venomous in the traditional sense.
Instead, they accumulate toxins from the sponges they consume. These toxins serve as a chemical defense making them less attractive to potential predators. While these compounds can deter natural enemies, divers can safely admire the Spanish Dancer without fear of being harmed. Bonus: These toxins are even passed to their eggs ribbons giving a better chance to young ones to hatch!

Can These Nudibranch really swim!?

Yes, the Spanish Dancer is one of the few nudibranchs with the ability to swim! Although they typically crawl along the seabed, when disturbed they extend their wide, flared mantle (called parapodium) and propel themselves through the water using rhythmic, undulating contractions.

This dynamic swimming behavior, reminiscent of a flamenco dancer’s swirling skirt, is one of the features that makes them so captivating to watch underwater.

This graceful movement is both a survival tactic and a spectacle to witness. When disturbed, the Spanish Dancer can use this motion to quickly escape predators, making it one of the most agile nudibranchs in the ocean.

Did you know? Emperor Shrimps: Hitchhiking in Style

In a fascinating underwater partnership, Emperor Shrimps can often be spotted riding atop a Spanish Dancer.
In this symbiotic relationship, the shrimp benefits from both transportation and protection while helping to keep the nudibranch clean by feeding on debris and parasites.

Emperor shrimp is the Spanish dancer's symbiotic partner

Spanish Dancer with 2 emperor partner shrimps

Anatomy of the Spanish Dancer

Spanish dancers have a unique anatomy that helps them navigate and survive in their marine environment.

Their 6 gills, arranged in a circle around their anus, are located on the tail end of the upper side of their flattened bodies, allowing them to efficiently breathe underwater.

The rhynophore, a pair of antenna-like structures on their head, helps them detect chemicals and movement in the water, providing them with a sense of their surroundings.

Their mouth is equipped with oral tentacles, which they use to grasp and manipulate sponges they feed on.

A muscular foot on their underside allows them to crawl along the seafloor, while their mantle, a large, flared structure on their back, typically coils alongside their body.

When threatened, the parapodia, the extremity of the mantle, can unfurl, allowing them to "fly" away in the most elegant - flamenco dancing - manner.

infographic: Spanish dancer anatomy of a flamenco dorid nudibranch

Conclusion: A nudi to add on your night diving bucket list!

spanish dancer is one of the coolest nudibranch

Whether you’re cruising through the vibrant reefs off the coasts of Burma and Thailand or exploring the diverse underwater habitats of the Indo-Pacific, the Spanish Dancer offers a breathtaking glimpse into the wonders of marine life.

With its dazzling colors, graceful swimming, and intriguing reproductive habits, this nudibranch truly embodies the artistry of Mother Nature.

So next time you go on a night dive, keep your eyes peeled for this marine marvel—you’re in for a show that’s as elegant as a flamenco performance!

0 Comments

All about the Ornate Ghost Pipefish – The Reef Phantom

17/6/2025

0 Comments

So delicate, they vanish into coral shadows. So rare, even seasoned divers celebrate a glimpse. Meet the mysterious beauty haunting the reefs of the Andaman Sea: the Ornate Ghost Pipefish.

🎭 Master of Disguise: What Is an Ornate Ghost Pipefish?

The Ornate Ghost Pipefish (Solenostomus paradoxus) is one of the ocean’s most captivating illusions. Though related to seahorses and pipefish, it belongs to a distinct family--Solenostomidae—and lives a life defined by camouflage, elegance, and enigma.

Ornate ghost pipefish in Andaman Sea, Thailand

often mimic crinoids (feather stars), soft corals, or seaweed

These reef phantoms range from 5–12 cm in length and sport a tubular snout, delicate fins, and intricate coloration that blends seamlessly with their environment. Their shape and texture often mimic crinoids (feather stars), soft corals, or seaweed, allowing them to vanish in plain sight.

Ornate ghost pipefish in Mergui Archipelago, Myanmar

What truly sets them apart, however, is how they float motionlessly, head-down, mimicking bits of drifting sea matter. To the untrained eye, they’re practically invisible.

🔍 Where to Spot One: Habitat & Behavior

You’ll most likely find Ornate Ghost Pipefish in sheltered, sandy areas of coral reefs, especially:

Among crinoids, which they mimic with startling accuracy
Hanging near soft coral fans or gorgonians
Close to the reef bottom, where they can hover in the current unnoticed

They prefer calm conditions and tend to show up in specific sites year after year, often returning to similar spots when conditions are right.

🌊 Top Dive Sites to See Them:
Shark Cave (Mergui Archipelago, Myanmar), Richelieu Rock, Hin Daeng, Hin Muang (Andaman Sea Thailand)

Ornate ghost pipefish almost invisible in front of seafan

2 ornate ghost pipefish approaching beautiful gorgonians

ghost pipefish, gorgonians and glass fish

📆 Best Time to See Them: November to April

Ornate Ghost Pipefish are seasonal, most commonly seen during the dry season in the Andaman Sea Thailand and Burma:

🗓 November – April

This period offers the best visibility, warm waters, and calm seas—perfect for spotting elusive macro life.

Fascinating ornate ghost pipefish and beautiful gorgonians

🔬 The Life Cycle & Reproduction of a Ghost

What makes the Ornate Ghost Pipefish even more fascinating is its reproductive biology, which differs significantly from most reef fish.

Ornate ghost pipefish in Mergui Archipelago

beautiful ornate ghost pipefish portrait

💑 Courtship & Mating

During the breeding season, usually aligned with peak visibility months, males and females pair up and are often seen drifting side-by-side in gentle currents. Their courtship is subtle, consisting of synchronized movements and gentle displays.

🥚 Unique Egg-Carrying Behavior

The female takes on the primary reproductive role—not only producing the eggs but also carrying them.

Her pelvic fins fuse to form a specialized brood pouch—a kind of open "sac" where she stores fertilized eggs.

She can carry up to several dozen eggs at a time, offering them protection and oxygenation through gentle fin movement.

This behavior is rare in fish and more commonly associated with their relatives, the seahorses (where males carry eggs). In ghost pipefish, however, it’s the female who guards and nurtures the young.

🐣 Hatching & Lifespan

After incubation (a period of roughly 1–2 weeks, depending on temperature), the tiny larvae are released into the water column. These larvae are planktonic—drifting with ocean currents, vulnerable to predators and the environment.

The Ornate Ghost Pipefish has a short lifespan, typically less than a year, which adds to their rarity and value for divers. You may spot juveniles in mid or late season, depending on water conditions and reproductive timing.

ornate ghost pipefish swimming near gorgonians

📸 Pro Tips for Divers & Underwater Photographers

Ornate ghost pipefish head macro photography

Macro lens: A 60mm macro lens is a solid option. These fish are small and delicate—macro photography helps capture crisp, detailed shots.

Red focus light: If there isn’t enough natural light, avoid startling them with a strong white beam. Use a red focus light instead to reduce disturbance.

Buoyancy control: Stay still and patient; sudden movements can cause them to drift away or vanish behind coral fans.

Dive slowly: Follow your guide closely—they usually know where to find Ghost Pipefish and the crinoids they like to hide in.

Beautiful ornate ghost pipefish head by Franck Fogarolo

🤫 Did you know?
Ornate Ghost Pipefish often appear in pairs during mating season. If you spot one, look nearby—you may find its mate hovering in synchrony.

Perfectly camouflaged ornate ghost pipefish

🌊 Why Seeing One Is So Special

Ornate Ghost Pipefish don’t form large groups. They don’t build nests. They don’t even return year after year to the same exact reef. Their lives are brief and nomadic, and their success depends entirely on staying hidden.

The most commonly encountered ghost pipefish species in the Andaman Sea is the Ornate Ghost Pipefish

That’s why a sighting—especially of a gravid female carrying eggs—feels like finding a secret in the sea.

The most commonly encountered ghost pipefish species in the Andaman Sea is the Ornate Ghost Pipefish (Solenostomus paradoxus). However, the Robust Ghost Pipefish (Solenostomus cyanopterus) can also occasionally be found.

A robust ghost pipefish in the Andaman Sea

🎒 Dive Into the Mystery with The Smiling Seahorse

If you dream of encountering an Ornate Ghost Pipefish in the wild, your best bet is to join one of our liveaboard cruises. Our expert guides know exactly where these elusive creatures like to hide, and our small-group approach ensures a calm, respectful environment to truly appreciate their beauty.
🐟 Book your cruise now and dive with the reef’s most ghostly residents.
Don’t miss your chance to meet some of the ocean’s rarest and most magical stars.

CRUISES SCHEDULE

The Smiling Seahorse

By Clément

0 Comments

Guitar fish: guitar rays or guitar sharks?

15/9/2024

0 Comments

What are Guitarfish? "A Ray That Looks Like a Shark"

Guitarfish, are fascinating creatures that blur the line between sharks and rays. Their distinctive guitar-shaped body has earned them this unique name.
All guitarfish use to be part of the Rhinobastidae family : "Rhine" derives from the Greek word for shark, and "batis" is Latin for ray, reflecting their hybrid appearance. Despite being rays, their dorsal fins and shark-like tails often lead to confusion, with many calling them "guitar sharks."
While the Shovelnose ray pictured above (Rhinobatos ranongensis) are still part of the Rhinobastidae, Marine biologists have now separated most wedgefish into the Rhinidae Family such as the bowmouth guitarfish below (Rhina ancylostoma) or the giant guitarfish, also known as the whitespotted wedgefish (Rhynchobatus Australiae).

Bowmouth guitar fish - Burma banks 2024

"Rare Encounter: Bowmouth Guitarfish at the Burma Banks

Anatomy and Adaptations
Guitarfish's unique anatomy combines features of both rays and sharks but despite their shark-like appearance, guitarfish are members of the ray family.

Like other rays, guitarfish have their mouths positioned on the underside of their bodies, making it easy to feed on bottom-dwelling organisms but difficult to breathe through their mouth! Instead, they use spiracles—small openings on their heads--to breathe without sucking in sand or debris while resting on the seabed.
Guitarfish do not need to keep on swimming, they can pump water through their gills in order to obtain the oxygen that they need.

Like sharks and unlike other rays, which rely on their pectoral fins for propulsion, guitarfish swim using their shark-like tails, giving them a distinctive movement pattern in the water.

Bowmouth guitarfish, a remarkable species within this group, boast rows of thorn-like spikes along their back, providing an armor-like defense against predators. These spikes, along with their robust bodies, make them uniquely adapted to life in the tropical shallows.

The lower jaw of the bowmouth guitarfish (Rhina ancylostoma) features teeth with rounded, ridged surfaces, perfectly adapted for crushing the shells of their prey. Photograph: King’s College London.

Diet: What do guitar shark eat?

Guitarfish are bottom feeders, primarily consuming crustaceans, mollusks, and small fish that inhabit sandy or muddy seabeds. Their flat teeth are designed to crush the hard shells of their prey, allowing them to feed on a variety of sea creatures that many other predators cannot.

One fascinating adaptation of bowmouth guitarfish is their rows of shark-like spines along their backs. These spines serve as a natural defense mechanism, deterring predators such as larger sharks. Unfortunately they are also sold in Asia as luxury jewellery ornament.

Reproduction of the guitar rays

Like many rays, guitarfish are ovoviviparous. This means their embryos develop within eggs that remain inside the mother's body. Once the eggs hatch internally, the female gives birth to live pups, typically ranging from 2 to 11 at a time. These young are fully developed and ready to swim and feed independently from birth.

Are guitar sharks dangerous?

Despite their imposing size—some species, like the giant guitarfish on the right, can grow up to 3 meters (9.8 feet)—guitarfish are entirely harmless to humans.

They are gentle creatures whose primary predators include larger sharks, such as Tiger sharks, and humans due to overfishing.

Unfortunately, many species of guitarfish are now classified as vulnerable or endangered.

Giant guitarfish, also known as the whitespotted wedgefish (Rhynchobatus Australiae) - photo by Yon Soponwit

Conservation Status: A Species Under Threat

Guitarfish face numerous threats, including overfishing for their meat and fins, habitat destruction from coastal development, and bycatch in commercial fisheries. Many species are now classified as vulnerable or endangered.

For instance, the bowmouth guitarfish is listed as critically endangered by the IUCN.

Beside the bycatch that makes up its share of damage, Guitarfish are hunted down for their large fins by finning vessels as well as for their distinctive thorns. Those sharp, shark teeth looking spines along their backs—have become sought-after items embedded into jewelry. Some believed they provide the wearer with protective powers. This usage also contributes to the species' decline, as these critically endangered creatures face increased exploitation for both their fins and these unique adornments.

Conservation efforts include establishing marine protected areas, enforcing sustainable fishing practices, and raising public awareness about their ecological importance.

guitarfish jewellery trade a threat to the species

Bowmouth guitarfish thorns are use in Thai traditional jewellery - Photo by: Shin Sirachai Arunrugstichai

guitarfish are being hunted down for their fins and thorns

They are also fished for their valuable fins and by mistake in large nets. Photo by : Shin Sirachai Arunrugstichai

Fun Facts About Guitarfish

Bowmouth guitar fish coming curiously to check us out at the Burma banks

Where can you see Guitarfish

Targeted by Shark Finning: The large fins of bowmouth guitarfish make them highly vulnerable to the shark finning industry, which is a significant contributor to their critically endangered status.
From By-Catch to Delicacy: Once discarded as a worthless by-catch species, shovelnose guitarfish are now prized for their meat, which is considered a delicacy in many regions.
Mud Skates: Giant guitarfish are sometimes called "mud skates" due to their preference for residing in muddy or sandy habitats. These areas provide both camouflage and an abundance of prey.
Monogamous Mating Habits: Shovelnose guitarfish typically form monogamous pairs during breeding season. Reproducing annually, they can give birth to as many as 30 live pups.
Hunting with Sensors: Shovelnose guitarfish rely on specialized sensors, not their eyesight, to detect changes in water pressure. This allows them to effectively hunt in low-visibility conditions.
A Rare Encounter: With their dwindling numbers, spotting a bowmouth guitarfish is a privilege few divers experience. If you're lucky enough to come across one, make sure to be camera ready!

Guitarfish inhabit the warm, shallow waters of tropical and subtropical seas. They prefer sandy or muddy seabeds where they can feed and burrow.
The bowmouth guitarfish, has first been spotted in Western Rock, in the South of Mergui Archipelago and then the Burma banks.
On one memorable dive at the Burma Banks, a bowmouth guitarfish swam close to inspect our group, we were possibly the first divers it had ever encountered!
A group of Giant guitarsharks has settled down for a while around Koh Bon pinnacle and Surin islands.

shovel nose guitar fish, Burmese guitar ray, guitar shark on the sand

Shovel nose guitar fish - Black Rock

These shovelnose rays (Rhinobatos ranongensis) were spotted by hundreds on the deeper parts of Black Rock, north of Mergui Archipelago, it was a carpet of them in the depths around the dive site.

They like colder water and often show up when water temperature drop.

These rays camouflage themselves so well by burrowing into the sandy seabed, it took us a while to spot one and then we saw so many!!!

This region of the Andaman Sea is home to a wide variety of ray species, including several species of guitarfish.

Click this link if you want to know more about Marine life we see in Burma.
Or below for more details about our diving expeditions...

0 Comments

A Dive Expedition about marine ecosystem with thailand Whale Shark Specialist Kirsty Magson: March 19th to 27th 2024

8/4/2024

0 Comments

Another fantastic marine biologist onboard!

Our adventure set sail on a thrilling expedition dedicated to the majestic whale sharks of the Andaman Sea. With divers from England, France, and Brazil eagerly joining us onboard, the anticipation was palpable as we embarked on this special journey. We were honoured to have Kirsty Magson, a marine biologist based in Thailand who started Thai Whale sharks project in 2017 to identify and monitor these gentle giants. Kirsty joined us for the fourth time this year, enriching our experience with her invaluable knowledge and passion for these magnificent creatures through daily presentations about what scientists know of Whale sharks but also about the marine environment they live in.

190324 thailand trip report diving liveaboard marine biology cruise about whale sharks

Starting up in Surin national park and Richelieu rock

Our voyage began on the 19th of March as we bid farewell to Khao Lak and headed towards the Surin Islands National Park . Over the course of the first two days, we immersed ourselves in the underwater wonders of Richelieu Rock, renowned as one of the best dive sites worldwide and one of the best spots in Thailand to encounter Whale Sharks.

The conditions were ideal, and despite not encountering any shark, we witnessed a plethora of marine life in its colourful seascape: From schools of big-eyed trevally and chevron barracuda to solitary great barracuda and massive groupers, every dive was a mesmerizing encounter with the ocean's biodiversity. For macro enthusiasts, the discovery of a tiny baby tigertail seahorse, along with sightings of harlequin shrimp, ghost pipefish, and clownfish eggs, added an extra layer of excitement to our underwater explorations.

Thailand harlequin shrimp in natural settings snoot light

barracudas stroming around surin and similan national parks

Koh Bon and Koh Tachai

On Day 3, we found ourselves at Koh Tachai, diving amidst crystal-clear waters and vibrant marine ecosystems. Strong currents greeted us on our first dive, bringing with them an abundance of life in the blue depths. Chevron barracuda, batfish, and even a blacktip shark made appearances, offering thrilling encounters for our divers. The second dive, with calmer conditions, allowed us to leisurely explore the pinnacle, marveling at the diversity of marine life, from groupers and surgeonfish to butterflyfish and the intricate architecture of a lobster's nest. As the day progressed, we ventured deep into the Koh Bon pinnacle, where a massive school of big-eyed trevally mesmerized us with their synchronized movements.
The highlight of the day awaited us as we delved into the mysterious world of Black Water Diving. Setting our boat at a depth of 100 meters, we created a vertical line with lights, inviting our guests to witness the mesmerizing spectacle of the ocean's nighttime migration. Over the course of an hour, we were treated to sightings of rare and peculiar creatures, providing a glimpse into the enigmatic depths of the ocean.

Similan islands

Our expedition continued with exploration of the Similan Islands on Day 4. Diving in the clear and warm waters of Three Trees, Elephant Head, and West of Eden, we were fortunate to encounter turtles, ribbon eels, ghost pipefish, and even the elusive pegasus sea moth. The sighting of the pegasus sea moth was particularly special, as it is rarely seen in these waters. We've seen them in Mergui Archipelago and Koh Lipe before but only James, who has been diving the Similan islands for the past 22 years, had seen them in the similan islands before and he had been waiting 10 years to witness this remarkable creature again.

Seamoths “walk” along the bottom with modified pelvic fins and use their toothless, tube-like mouths mouths to suck up worms and other invertebrates.

South Andaman

On Day 5, we ventured to Hin Deang and Hin Muang, where we encountered stonefish and ghostfish, adding to the intrigue of our underwater adventures. Day 6 brought us to the Koh Lipe area, where we were treated to sightings of a frogfish and seahorse at 8 miles, along with exploring dive sites like Stonehenge, Honeycomb, and Koh Taru.
Want to know how to differentiate a stone fish from other scorpionfish? Read this article!

eggs of a harlequin ghost pipe fish

Stonefish

As our expedition drew to a close, we spent Day 7 exploring the wonders of Koh Haa, including the Cathedral dive site where we witnessed a vibrant Nudi festival, showcasing a variety of nudibranch species. The Chimney dive site provided further excitement with its unique underwater formations.

On Day 8, our final day of diving, we visited Bida Nok and Shark Point, where we encountered an array of marine life, including blacktip sharks, sea snakes, cuttlefish, and a mesmerizing school of squid. As we bid farewell to the Andaman Sea, our hearts were filled with gratitude for the unforgettable experiences shared and the incredible diversity of marine life encountered during our expedition.

Unfortunately Franck, owner and onboard photographer wasn't onboard on this trip so I took the liberty to use some older photos to illustrate the article with what was seen this week. I hope you'll like this article and feel free to share it or leave us a comment below! Follow us for more fishy stories :)

0 Comments

<<Previous

Morays VS Eels VS Sea Snakes?

A few Moray & eels species encountered in the Andaman Sea

Giant moray eel:

White eyes moray eels :

Ribbon eels:

Honeycomb moray:

Zebra moray:

Clouded moray:

Fimbriated moray:

Bar-Tail moray:

Barred moray eel:

The Highfin Moray:

Yellow-headed moray:​

Tiger Reef eel:

Exploring the Fascinating Sleep Patterns of Ocean Live

1/ Animal that can breathe underwater

2/Animals that hold their breath underwater

Conclusion

What makes Blackwater Diving So Special?

​1. Blanket Octopus (Tremoctopus spp.)

2. Ctenophores (Comb Jellies)

3. Eel Larvea

4. Paper Nautilus (Argonauta argo)

5. Tripod Fish Larvae

6. Snake Blenny Larvae

7. Amphipods

8. Pelagic Seahorses (Hippocampus spp.)

9. Larval Flounder

10. Squid Larvea

Blackwater Dive Briefing – Safety, Awareness & Expectations

Personal Tip:

When and Where to Dive

Book Your Blackwater Adventure!

The Spanish Dancer (Hexabranchus sanguineus) : A Must-See for Nudi lovers!​

Spanish Dancer : FAQ

Did you know? ​Emperor Shrimps: Hitchhiking in Style

Anatomy of the Spanish Dancer

Conclusion: A nudi to add on your night diving bucket list!

🎭 Master of Disguise: What Is an Ornate Ghost Pipefish?

🔍 Where to Spot One: Habitat & Behavior

📆 Best Time to See Them: November to April

🔬 The Life Cycle & Reproduction of a Ghost

💑 Courtship & Mating

🥚 Unique Egg-Carrying Behavior

🐣 Hatching & Lifespan

📸 Pro Tips for Divers & Underwater Photographers

🌊 Why Seeing One Is So Special

🎒 Dive Into the Mystery with The Smiling Seahorse

The Smiling Seahorse

What are Guitarfish? "A Ray That Looks Like a Shark"

"Rare Encounter: Bowmouth Guitarfish at the Burma Banks

Diet: What do guitar shark eat?

Reproduction of the guitar rays

Are guitar sharks dangerous?

​​Conservation Status: A Species Under Threat

Fun Facts About Guitarfish

Where can you see Guitarfish

Another fantastic marine biologist onboard!

Starting up in Surin national park and Richelieu rock

Koh Bon and Koh Tachai

Similan islands

South Andaman

The Smiling Seahorse Diving Blog

Authors

Categories

Archives

See also...

The Smiling Seahorse

Our dive cruises

More information

Yellow-headed moray:

**1. Blanket Octopus (Tremoctopus spp.)**

The Spanish Dancer (Hexabranchus sanguineus) : A Must-See for Nudi lovers!

Did you know? Emperor Shrimps: Hitchhiking in Style

Conservation Status: A Species Under Threat