What Do You Know About The Common Reef Octopus ?

10/10/2020

A very popular subject of many marine biologists, the Octopus Vulgaris or common reef octopus, is a master of disguise.
The octopus is a mollusc belonging to the class of cephalopoda.
It's arms can grow to a whopping 1m in length and its mantle as long as 25cm.

Octopus are friendly and smart...

THE HABITAT

This type of octopus can be found in the tropical and temperate waters of the the Eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean sea, the Pacific ocean and the coast of Africa.
It prefers shallow rocky bottoms or coastal coral reef in depths above 200m. Octopi will find themselves a shelter where they can minimize exposure and stay safe but will come out, mostly at night, to hunt. They usually move by crawling along the sea floor where it can protect its belly. They are also known to swim using a type of jet mechanism found in its mantle cavity.

An octopus crawling on sea floor

THE BEHAVIOR

Its favourite food are crabs and molluscs, although it will generally eat whatever it can catch. Using its beak, it is able to break the shell of any armoured morsel.
It can change colour to camouflage or to mirror its state of mind and mood. It has also been observed changing colour while sleeping which suggests that it is possibly capable of dreaming.
It uses gills as its respiratory system. It has 3 hearts : 1 main heart and 2 small ones that are each located next to a set of gills. It sends oxygenated blood from the gills to the main heart, which send blood to the body. Deoxygenated blood goes from the body back to the small branchial hearts which pump the blood across the gills to oxygenate it and then back to the main heart to begin a new cycle.

An octopus changing its skin color to match its environment

THE REPRODUCTION

Octopi are solitary creatures with short life spans. They spend most of their young life eating and growing until they reach sexual maturity. At this time, they will metabolize muscle mass to make sperm and eggs and search for a mate.
Mating can be very dangerous for the male. A female doesn't often refuse a male's advances but it is not uncommon for the female to change her mind and eat the male. To address this problem, males have a specially adapted mating arm that can deliver sperm into the female's mantle cavity from a safe distance.
The female will lay between 100 000 to 500 000 eggs which she will very rarely leave unattended for her 4-5 month brooding. She will even stop eating to take care of them and will die shortly after they hatch.

Female octopus dies after care for new generation...

Octopus' tentacles, one of them serve for reproduction

A VERY SMART ANIMAL

Studies show that they are extremely clever and resourceful. They have a much more complex nervous system than other mammals and most of their 500 million neurons are found in their arms. The have been taught to navigate mazes, problem solve and recognize visual clues to find the best way to get to a reward. Don't under estimate them !

The Common reef octopus can be found in Mergui Archipelago between other cephalopods and reef creatures. Diving in Myanmar offers a large marine biodiversity, a paradise for all divers !

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Best online ressource for Fish & Critters Identification

26/9/2020

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Ever met an underwater critter you've never seen before? It happens to me all the time when diving in Myanmar and I am so curious I have to learn more about these mysteries.

Of course when cruising Mergui Archipelago, internet isn't available so I am just looking at my favorite fish identifications books which we always keep onboard.

But if the book fails me, I have more tools in my search quest to find the name and specifics of the marine life I find underwater.

My selection of online ressources to identify the reef species you meet underwater:

For fish Identification

FishBase http://www.fishbase.org/ a large base of worldwide fish, available in many languages
Australian Museum http://www.australian.museum/ a complete sheet with fishes classified by family and order
Gobies http://www.gobiidae.com/ a goby specialized website
Fish Photo Database http://www.fishdb.co.uk/ an English names database with pictures
Fish Photo list http://www.oceanlight.com/ a list a fishes around the world

For Sea slugs and other invertebrate identification

Sea Slug Forum http://www.seaslugforum.net/ a database from the Australian museum
Nudibranch Identification http://www.nudipixel.net/ a facebook page about nudis
Cephalopods http://www.thecephalopodpage.org/ Catalog and articles about page
Facebook group NUDIBRANCHS, WORMS AND SEA SLUGS a share and ask plateform

For all reef creature identification

Coral Reef Creatures http://www.reefimages.com/ a Portofolio of all fishes and invertebrates
SeaLifeBase http://www.sealifebase.org/ a scientific database
Facebook group for all marine life: ID Please (Marine Creature Identification) ask anything you need to identify
Facebook group for shrimps and crabs: Crustacean Identification Group a community helper

Join us for a lifetime adventure in Myanmar to discover Myanmar Incredible Marine life and discover more and more species ...

Our cruises

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All about the magnificent Ribbon Eel

10/9/2020

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The Marine Drag Queen

ribbon eel the drag queen of the seas blog post

Scientific name : Rhinomuranea Quaesita

The ribbon Eel is the only member of its genus. Scientists thought for a long time that there were 3 types of ribbon eel, the black, the blue, and the yellow species. But now we know they form a unique species changing sex and colour during its lifespan!

Ribbon eels can live up to 20 years, and can grow up to 1 meter long. The biggest individual observed measured 1,30 m.

Adult male Ribbon Eel out of his hole

1) ITS HABITAT

You can find the Ribbon eel in sandy areas around reefs and lagoons of the Indo-Pacific Ocean. It can be found in very shallow waters down to 60m.
It usually stays in the same cave for months or even years and two individuals (usually adult males) can be seen sharing the same hole.

males ribbon eel living together

2) ITS BEHAVIOR

The ribbon eel is a carnivore which preys on small fish and other animals that swim too close to their hole. They can be generally observed poking their head out of their hole waiting to catch prey as it wanders past.

juvenile ribbon eels is black with a yellow dorsal fin

3) ITS COLORATION TELL ITS GENDER

Every individual is born as male.
Juveniles and sub-adults are black with a yellow dorsal fin. When they reach adulthood, they keep the yellow fin but the body turns blue and starts developing female reproductive organs.
When they reach their full size, they turn into female and change their color to complete yellow.
They will then find a mate, lay their eggs, and die within a month.

It is due to their short lifespan that the female ribbon eels are rarely observed.

The ribbon is the only protandric hermaphrodite eel, meaning they are capable of changing sex to female if there is a shortage of natural females in the environment.

Female Yellow Ribbon Eel ready to find a mate

4) ITS MAJOR THREATS

Did you know that the major threat of this species is the aquarium trade??
While writing this post, I found more websites giving advice about keeping the animal alive in captivity, or selling them, than information about the animal itself... Better to leave them in their natural habitat and observe them while scuba diving, don't you think...?
Come see them in Myanmar while they are still around :)

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101 Nudibranchs of Myanmar

29/8/2020

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Welcome to the vibrant world of nudibranchs

For me nudi-hunting is like collecting stamps...
You always want to find new ones for your private collection.

I remember the first time someone pointed out a nudibranch to me during a dive, gesturing towards a rock and signalling “Look, something small”. What felt like minutes went by as I squinted and shifted focus trying to figure out what exactly I was trying to look at. Then suddenly a tiny piece of what appeared to be algae moved and I noticed it was actually alive! It couldn’t have been longer than a centimetre or so and was pink with beautiful blue and yellow tentacles sticking out all over its worm-like body and head. What WAS that thing? And how in the world had the dive guide seen something so minuscule and hidden?

Now, I am the type of diver who can usually be found hovering in one place for minutes at a time treasure hunting with my mask a short distance from the reef or seafloor. Many people don’t know that the biodiversity in a square meter of coral reef is unmatched by any other ecosystem on the planet, a rule to which the Mergui Archipelago in Myanmar (Burma) is no exception. The region is filled with a cornucopia of colours, shapes and textures that if you take your time and look closely you can find some bizarre little rarities that can bring a tear to your eye.

What exactly is a nudibranch?

Today there are somewhere around 3000 documented species of these incredible molluscs that can range from a mere 4mm to a hefty 60cm. Nudibranchs are invertebrates that spend a certain stage of development with a shell. They will always shed this shell at some point before adulthood. All nudibranchs are members of the sea-slug family, however not all sea-slugs are nudibranchs.

Egg ribbon of Hexabranchus Sanguineus nudibranch, aka Spanish dancer

These “sea slugs” are hermaphroditic which means that each individual has both female and male reproductive organs on the right side of their body. They can lay up to 25,000 eggs at a time in a mucous ribbon-like formation that will take roughly a week to hatch.

Because they have both male and female sexual organs, a pair can inseminate each others so that you have two pregnancies instead of one. However nudis still need to find a mate. They cannot impregnate themselves!
Nudibranchs are carnivorous and love to eat sponge, hydroids, algae, coral, anemones and even other nudibranchs. They can be found mostly in shallow reefs in warm salt water, but there are some species that live in deeper or cold waters and some can even survive the lower salinity of brackish water. They are found in great abundance at any of the dive sites of the Mergui Archipelago in Burma.

What is so special about nudibranchs?

Apart from their gorgeous colouring and their many shapes and sizes nudibranchs have some special tricks up their sleeves that really sets them apart.

Although they are small, they have developed some very industrious techniques to protect themselves. Many nudibranchs display bright colours for a multitude of reasons. Some practice what’s called aposematism which is colouration to suggest to predators that they aren’t tasty or can be toxic. This is a technique used by the Phylidiidae family that we often see in the Indo-Pacific.

Phyllidia coelestis

The Blue dragon only need to eat for the first few months of its life before they become self reliant!

Some nudibranchs that feed on the stinging cells of jellyfish or hydroids can actually recycle them and use them as weapons. Glaucus atlanticus or the Blue dragon nudi can be found floating near the surface and feeds on the nematocysts of the Portuguese man of war Jellyfish and similar species. It will eat the stinging cells and pass them harmlessly through their body where they can then be displayed on their skin or in appendages called cerata making them harmful to predators.

Some nudibranchs that eat sponge will also use the same chemicals that their prey use to defend themselves to make them taste foul to their own predators.
Some can also make their own chemicals (regardless of what they eat or where they live) to serve similar purposes or can even secrete an acidic mucous when disturbed.

Some nudibranchs will feed on plant cells and use them to create their own food sources. A particular group of sacoglossan sea slugs will eat certain algae found in soft corals and recycle their chloroplasts so they can create their own nutrients through photosynthesis. This means that once it has eaten enough it doesn't need to eat any longer. The algae in its body will use the sunlight to create enough nutrient for its host to survive.

Doriprismatica atromarginata nudi

One of the world’s most famous nudibranchs is the Spanish dancer or Hexabranchus sanguineus is also one of the world’s biggest growing up to 40cm long! These are nocturnal and can often be found during a night dive. If you are lucky you can even see one swimming in a mesmerising undulating movement. It is potently chemically defended and it advertises it with its bright red colour. They also often have small symbiotic emperor shrimp which ride along on their backs.

Hexabranchus sanguineus aka Spanish dancer

Emperor shrimp hitching a ride on a hexabranchus sanguineus

How do you identify a nudibranch?

Nudibranchs have complicated names which can be very daunting to someone just starting to learn about them. They often have common names which can be easier to remember but they can also cause confusion. For example, some people call the same nudi different names depending on where they dive and what the locals refer to them as. Sometimes a distinguishing feature that led people to give it a common name is not specific to that species leading different nudis to be called the same thing.
Using their scientific names is the best way to accurately identify nudibranchs even if it can be a bit of a mouthful. Taxonomy is the way we classify living things in biology and it is an intricate science. Basically speaking, plants and animals are divided into family trees that get more specific as you travel downwards eventually allowing you to name individuals.

4 main families of nudibranch

Instead of branchial plumes, Aeolid
nudibranchs are covered in appendages called cerata which increase surface area for gas exchange and also can be used to display ingested chemicals or stinging cells for defence.

There are 4 main Nudibranch families:
Doridoida, Aeolida, Dendronotida and Euarminida. The most common families are "Aeolids" and "Dorids" which each have specific identifiable features.

Dorids all have a distinguishable branchial plume on their back end which they use to breathe. Their mantles are often smoother and more regular shaped than Aeolids which are typically much spikier.

Anatomy of Dorid and Aeolid Nudibranchs

Understanding the difference between the different species is a great place to start but there are other things to consider when identifying a special slug you found on the reef. Looking at its body shape can be very helpful as well as colouration and any markings like stripes or polka dots. Also when in doubt there are many resources available to you like marine species identification books or public forums on social media.
Some of my favourites are ID Please (Marine Creature Identification) and Nudibranch Central on Facebook.

What kind of nudibranchs can we find in the Mergui Archipelago?

The marine life in the Mergui Archipelago is so diverse that it has something to offer to any diver. Macro lovers rejoice in Burma and especially those with an affinity for nudibranchs. Behold some of the mesmerizing little beauties that we have found on our cruises.

A selection of the prettiest Nudis we found in Myanmar

Please feel free to hover your cursor over any of the photos for ID.

Bornella anguilla

Dendrodoris Denisoni

Thecacera sp.9, aka pikachu

Roboastra luteolineata

Miamira miamirana

Elysia marginata

Favorinus tsuruganus

Glossodoris rufomarginata Reddish vibrant coloration, white and orange rhinophores and gills

Glossodoris rufomarginata: its tail is nearly as long as its body.

Glossodoris sp

Goniobranchus Annulatus

Goniobranchus geminus

Goniobranchus annulatus

Doriprismatica atromarginata

Pteraeolidia ianthina, aka the blue dragon

Phyllidia ocelata

Cuthona sibogae

cream colored nudibranch with orange dots and black and white rhinophores and plume

Halgerda Stricklandi

Ceratosoma Trilobatum

Dendrodoris Carbunculosa big flat brown nudibranch

Dendrodoris Carbunculosa - mantle secretions may cause a painful sting (NSI2) as big as my hand!

Chromodoris Geometrica

Phyllidia Coelestis

Platydoris Formosa

Goniobranchus geminus

Goniobranchus sp3

Hexobranchus Sanguineus - spanish dancer swimming

juvenile of an orange spanish dancer, hexobranchus sanguineus on the reef

juvenile of a spanish dancer - hexobranchus sanguineus

flat large brown nudibranch full of pimple

Carminodoris Estrelyado

Tenellia / Phestilla Melanobrachia

Pseudobiceros fulgor - a flatworm so not really a nudi but oh so pretty

Goniobranchus annulatus

A flat worm so not really a nudibranch

Cadlinella Ornatissima

Ceratophyllidia Africana

Goniobranchus Setoensis

Hypselodoris maculosa

Hypselodoris Maculosa

headshield slug brown red colored with long tail

headshield slug (chelidonura castanea)

Chelidonura punctata

Marionia sp 8

Chromodoris Goniobranchus Fidelis

Goniobranchus gleniei

Hexabranchus sanguineus - juvenile

Gymnodoris impudica

Caloria indica

Coryphellina sp.

Goniobranchus conchyliatus

Hypselodoris emma

Sagaminopteron psychedelicum

Hypselodoris infucata

Hypselodoris bullockii

Elysia benetti

Tambja Affinis

Glossodoris hikuerensis

Lamprohaminoea cymbalum

Thanks to the authors and contributors!

This blog post was written by Katie O. with the help of Camille L. and several facebook groups who could identify some of the less common nudis.

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Harlequin shrimp? More like Hannibal Lecter shrimp!

31/7/2020

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Coral reefs are rich, biodiverse ecosystems that are home to incredible creatures of all shapes and sizes. Scuba divers from all over the world flock to remote locations like the Mergui Archipelago in Burma, to have the chance to catch a glimpse of marine curiosities from massive manta rays to tiny nudibranchs scattered across underwater landscapes that will take your breath away. If you are the kind of person who is enthralled by macro life, you have surely heard of the harlequin shrimp.

Harlequin shrimp the hannibal lecter of the seas - blog

.Also called Hymenocera Elegant, the Harlequin Shrimp is a minuscule flamboyant crustacean that is among the superstars of its family. Its hypnotic coloration and bizarre behavior are some of the reasons that this rarity is high on the list of Macro-life Under Water photographers (read the full Underwater guide to diving Myanmar).

Spotting a harlequin shrimp

portrait of the Harlequin shrimp close up

Harlequin shrimp can be identified by some distinctive features such as the unique body shape and appendages. Their claws are large and flat, different from all other types of shrimp. Their tail is trapezoidal and they use two fancy flat antennae on their heads with sophisticated scent receptors tuned to detect prey.

How big do harlequin shrimp get

The females can grow up to 5cm in length whereas the males, even fully gown, looks like a juveniles next to them.

One of the Harlequin Shrimps most attractive feature is their Carnaval-ready costume. Their carapace is cream-colored patterned with large psychedelic spots.
It used to be thought that there were two varieties of harlequin shrimp (Hymenocera elegant and H. Picta) but it was later concluded that they are one and the same with variations in color depending on the region they inhabit.

Around the Indian Ocean (H. Elegant), they generally have orange to purple spots surrounded by a blue line.
While Harlequin shrimp native to the pacific, particularly from Hawaii (H. Picta), are the most vibrant with spots that are rather pink or purple detailed with a yellow lining.

Hawaiian Harlequin Shrimp. (H. Picta) Native of the Pacific

Can harlequin shrimp change color?

Some aquarium owners have reported that Harlequin shrimp can change color base on their mood and as an example, one ordered a pair one picta, and one elegant, both arrived looking identical in color until they both calmed down and returned to their true colors!
These intricate motifs have developed through evolution as a means of protection. In the underwater world, animals with bright colors are usually recognized by potential predators as toxic. This is true for the harlequin shrimp whose advantage invites far fewer natural predators than other less colored creatures of similar stature.

baby and parent harlequin shrimp feeding on a seastar

Harlequin Shrimp and juvenile (H. Elegant)

Home sweet hiding hole

Harlequin Shrimp couple might stay together their entire life

Harlequin shrimps live on and around coral reefs between 1 and 30 meters deep. These shy creatures tend to prefer dark narrow crevices and branched corals to seek refuge from the jaws of the fish, crabs, and octopus that prey on them.

They are often found in pairs and if a couple successfully establishes a secure den they can be found in the same place together for long periods of time. Sometimes Harlequin Shrimps will even spend the vast majority of their 7-year lifespan in the same place and with the same mate. They will live, breed, hunt, and defend their territory together loyally as long as their surroundings allow them. You may be thinking this is a very romantic gesture on the part of these gorgeous couples. Sorry to burst your bubble, but this behavior might just be a good way to increase their chances for the female’s eggs to get fertilized...

Romance in the style of a harlequin shrimp

harlequin shrimp and starfish symbiotic relationship

Like many crustaceans in general, harlequin shrimp moult when they outgrow their shells leaving them soft and exposed. This sloughing allows the renewal of the exoskeleton and marks the moment when a female reaches sexual maturity. She will be roughly 200-240 days old when she undergoes her first molting period and then repeats the process every 18-26 days for the rest of her life. Following every shedding of her carapace, she will be fertile and ready to reproduce.
During the breeding season, the female can produce between 100 and 5000 eggs which she will carry attached to her abdomen following fertilization. This may seem like a staggering number but most of the young will not survive their next stage of development. Basically, the more babies that hatch the more chances that some will survive to sexual maturity and continue to propagate the species.

Juvenile of Harlequin Shrimp

After 12-18 days of gestation, the larvae emerge from their eggs extremely small and vulnerable ready to begin the 5-6 week settlement period. If they can find a safe place to grow during this time the larvae will develop into their awe-inspiring mature form.

What do harlequin shrimp eat?

Harlequin shrimp have very unique dinning habits that could easily be inspiring for the plot of a horror movie. Although they are very small, they survive on a diet of almost exclusively live starfish much bigger then themselves. With a particular taste for their legs and soft tissues (best eaten with a nice chianti). Most seas tars species are suitable but reportedly Harlequin shrimp cannot eat brittle stars.

"Are Harlequin Shrimp fetishist?"
Seastar feets are their favorite meal!

Harlequin shrimp feeding on a pink seastar

How do harlequin shrimp kill starfish?

The mating pair will hunt together, sharing the tasks at hand. They will first have to track down their prey using their sensitive antennae. Males, although much smaller, have been known to be more agile and proficient with this hunt than the females. Once the starfish is caught, the pair of harlequin shrimp will work as a team to flip the starfish over and then drag it back to their den using their powerful pincers. Unable to move, the starfish’s tube-like feet are exposed for its captors to feast on while it’s still alive.

A curious harlequin shrimp and starfish relationship

Even more gruesome is the harlequin shrimp’s tendency to prolong the starfish’s misery by feeding it for up to two weeks’ time to keep it alive and fresh. Some starfish will try to put up a fight by shedding the limb that is being eaten and regrowing a new limb to replace it. Unfortunately, the echinoderm is often too weak to effectively regenerate tissues. This is probably a blessing in disguise, as this effort would essentially give these twisted shrimp further opportunity to extend its prey’s torture.
In moments of desperation, the harlequin shrimp will resort to eating the similar soft leg tubes of sea urchins. It is clear that this is not their choice food source as they will only resort to this should the only other option be starvation.

Harmony on the reef

If you look past the freaky aspects of the harlequin shrimp’s food fetishes, there are actually benefits on a grander scale. The fact that their picky palate only has a taste for sea stars, including the species that eats coral has nurtured an important symbiotic relationship with the reef. The corals provide shelter while the shrimp will slowly help control the starfish population which could be extremely problematic should it grow out of hand.
Species like the crown of thorns starfish can devastate healthy coral colonies if there aren’t enough natural predators to keep their numbers under control. Although harlequin shrimp populations aren’t dense enough to eradicate these pests, they still do their part to fend off these destructive creatures who put their living habitat in jeopardy.

starfish symbiotic relationship with shrimp

Harlequin shrimps are in danger

Like many other marine creatures, harlequin shrimp are suffering due to the intervention of humans in their environment. Global warming, pollution, coral bleaching events, changes to water chemistry, and fishing to name a few, are factors that threaten this gorgeous species.

The deterioration of coral reefs could have a devastating impact on this species as they will not have the protection to help them develop and thrive. Also with fewer corals come fewer starfish for harlequin shrimp to eat, and thus begins a vicious cycle of doom. Although there are no specific conservation initiatives targeting harlequin shrimp, coral conservation projects can indirectly benefit individuals living on a reef that is well cared for.

In recent years with the growing aquarium trade, these beauties have also become a major target for people wishing to put them on display in their personal fish tanks. When you search the internet for information on harlequin shrimp, the majority of hits are from sites offering information to aquarium breeders and collectors, which is heartbreaking. The appeal is understandable from an aesthetic standpoint, but we would much prefer to observe them happy and free in their natural habitat. We often get the opportunity to spot them tucked away in the reefs while diving Myanmar.

Although harlequin shrimp may have questionable dietary practices, we still find them to be magnificent little critters and look forward to every chance to meet them under the seas.

HARLEQUIN SHRIMP CLASSIFICATION

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Infraorder: Caridea
Family: Hymenoceridae
Genus: Hymenocera
Species: Hymenocera Picta and Hymenocera Elegant

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What Do You Know About the Tiger Tail Seahorse?

8/7/2020

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All about tiger tail Seahorse

Scientific name :
Hippocampus Comes

Along with other types of seahorse, pipefish and seadragons, the tiger tail seahorse belongs to the Syngathidae family. They can grow up to 18.7 cm and have a lifespan of 1-5 years.
They can sport different patterns but the most commonly seen is alternating yellow and black.

Tiger tail seahorse

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Guitar fish: guitar rays or guitar sharks?

19/6/2020

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Rhinobatis: the Shark - Ray guitar shaped fish

Guitar fish belong to the Rhinobatis genus. "Rhine" is the Greek word for shark and "batis" the Latin word for ray.

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<<Previous

What Do You Know About The Common Reef Octopus ?

THE HABITAT

THE BEHAVIOR

​THE REPRODUCTION

A VERY SMART ANIMAL

Best online ressource for Fish & Critters Identification

My selection of online ressources to identify the reef species you meet underwater:

​For fish Identification

For Sea slugs and other invertebrate identification

​For all reef creature identification

All about the magnificent Ribbon Eel

The Marine Drag Queen

1) ITS HABITAT

2) ITS BEHAVIOR

3) ITS COLORATION TELL ITS GENDER

4) ITS MAJOR THREATS

101 Nudibranchs of Myanmar

Welcome to the vibrant world of nudibranchs

For me nudi-hunting is like collecting stamps...You always want to find new ones for your private collection.

What exactly is a nudibranch?

What is so special about nudibranchs?

How do you identify a nudibranch?

What kind of nudibranchs can we find in the Mergui Archipelago?

A selection of the prettiest Nudis we found in Myanmar

Thanks to the authors and contributors!

Harlequin shrimp? More like Hannibal Lecter shrimp!

​Spotting a harlequin shrimp

How big do harlequin shrimp get

Can harlequin shrimp change color?

Home sweet hiding hole ​

​Romance in the style of a harlequin shrimp

What do harlequin shrimp eat?

How do harlequin shrimp kill starfish?

A curious harlequin shrimp and starfish relationship

Harmony on the reef

Harlequin shrimps are in danger

HARLEQUIN SHRIMP CLASSIFICATION

What Do You Know About the Tiger Tail Seahorse?

All about tiger tail Seahorse

Scientific name : ​Hippocampus Comes

Guitar fish: guitar rays or guitar sharks?

Rhinobatis: the Shark - Ray guitar shaped fish

The Smiling Seahorse Diving Blog

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THE REPRODUCTION

For fish Identification

For all reef creature identification

For me nudi-hunting is like collecting stamps...
You always want to find new ones for your private collection.

Spotting a harlequin shrimp

Home sweet hiding hole

Romance in the style of a harlequin shrimp

Scientific name :
Hippocampus Comes