Category: Marine Life Fish ID

SPANISH DANCER : Fun Facts You'll Love About The Most Flamenco Nudibranch

1/7/2025

All about the spanish dancer, the hexabranchus sanguineus

The Spanish Dancer (Hexabranchus sanguineus) : A Must-See for Nudi lovers!

The Spanish Dancer (scientific name: Hexabranchus sanguineus) is one of the most fascinating marine animals found in tropical and subtropical seas. Known for its striking colours, graceful movements, and the distinctive shape of its body, the Spanish Dancer has captured the attention of divers, marine enthusiasts, and photographers alike.

Whether you’re an avid diver or a marine life enthusiast, this colourful nudi should be on your marine life bucket list!
Read on to find answers to the question you may have about this unique sea slug.

Picture of a young Spanish dancer on the reef - Hexobranchus Sanguineus

Spanish Dancer : FAQ

1. What's so special about them?
2. Where can you see Spanish Dancers?
3. What do they Eat?
4. How do they reproduce?
5. Are they rare?
6. Are they dangerous?
7. Can they really swim?

What's so special about Spanish Dancers?

Nudibranchs, (literally means naked gills) are divided into two main groups: dorids and aeolids.

Dorids breathe through feathery gill clusters on their backs, while aeolids have spike-like structures called cerata for respiration.

Spanish Dancers are part of the dorid family, equipped with six fluffy tuft of gills which they can retract in individual pouches when they feel threatened.

The Spanish Dancer standout among nudibranchs for several reasons.

First, it is one of the rare nudibranch that can swim! When threatened, it unfurls its ruffled mantle in a graceful, undulating motion, much like a flamenco dancer’s skirt, which is how it earned its common name.

Its brilliant red, orange, and pink coloration isn’t just for show—it’s a warning signal to predators that the creature is toxic.

In addition to its dazzling appearance, it’s one of the largest nudibranchs, sometimes reaching impressive sizes (up to 90cm!) that make it a favorite subject for underwater photographers and marine enthusiasts alike.

Anatomy of nudibranch - Dorid VS Aeolid

Where can you see Spanish Dancers?

Spanish Dancers are typically found in warm reef environments at depths of 5 to 30 meters and are most common in tropical waters across the Indo-Pacific.

Notable locations include the Philippines, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Australia, and Hawaii, as well as renowned dive sites like the Great Barrier Reef, Raja Ampat, Anilao, Maldives, and the Red Sea.

These creatures thrive in pristine, healthy reefs where temperature, salinity, and water quality are maintained—but they are highly sensitive to pollution and habitat degradation, which can severely impact their survival. Seeing them is one of the indicators of a healthy reef!

In the Andaman Sea these superbe nudibranchs are known to reside in shallow reefs—often hiding in crevices during the day and emerging at night.

More common in Mergui Archipelago, Myanmar but also often sighted in Thai Waters, diving here offers excellent opportunities to witness the Spanish Dancer in its natural habitat.

Spanish Dancer Unfurling Its Mantle or Parapodia

Spanish dancers diet is carnivorous, they eat sponges and participate in the health of the reef

Spanish dancers are carnivorous sponge eaters

What do Spanish Dancers eat?

Spanish Dancers are carnivorous and primarily feed on various sponges—a diet that is essential for their survival.

They are known to feed on species from the Halichondriidae family, among others, and in doing so, they accumulate chemical compounds that they later use as a defense mechanism.

Their feeding habits not only sustain them but also help regulate sponge populations within the reef ecosystem.

How do Spanish Dancers reproduce?

Like most nudibranchs, the Spanish Dancer is a simultaneous hermaphrodite—meaning each individual possesses both male and female reproductive organs. When mating, two individuals exchange sperm, fertilizing each other’s eggs. Mating is an head to toa affair that can take hours or even days!!!

After fertilization, they separate and each with lay long, spiral-shaped egg ribbons after 1-4 days. These delicate egg masses are laid in a spiral pattern giving them a resemblance to a delicate rose in bloom and are commonly referred to as "ocean roses". This unique structure is a fascinating aspect of their reproductive process and it is more common to encounter the eggs than their parents, especially during the day dives.

These fancy egg ribbons also inherit some of the potent toxins from the nudibranch’s diet, offering them a chemical shield against potential predators.

Spanish Dancer lay they Eggs in a spiral pattern

Spanish dancer's eggs are also called Ocean rose

Are Spanish Dancers Rare?

While the Spanish Dancer is not commonly encountered on every dive, it isn’t classified as extremely rare either.
They are typically found in healthy coral reef ecosystems where sponges abound.

Their elusive nature—often hiding during daylight and emerging at night—means that spotting one during the day is very rare!

The best time to observe a Spanish Dancer is during a night dive. These nocturnal creatures become most active after sunset, emerging to feed, mate, and explore the reef. Watching them twirl through the water under the glow of a dive torch is an unforgettable experience for any underwater adventurer.

In Myanmar, we've got a dive site we nicknamed Spanish Garden because of the number of Spanish dancer we've met there!

Are Spanish Dancers Dangerous?

Spanish Dancers are not dangerous to humans and they do not possess a sting, nor are they venomous in the traditional sense.
Instead, they accumulate toxins from the sponges they consume. These toxins serve as a chemical defense making them less attractive to potential predators. While these compounds can deter natural enemies, divers can safely admire the Spanish Dancer without fear of being harmed. Bonus: These toxins are even passed to their eggs ribbons giving a better chance to young ones to hatch!

Can These Nudibranch really swim!?

Yes, the Spanish Dancer is one of the few nudibranchs with the ability to swim! Although they typically crawl along the seabed, when disturbed they extend their wide, flared mantle (called parapodium) and propel themselves through the water using rhythmic, undulating contractions.

This dynamic swimming behavior, reminiscent of a flamenco dancer’s swirling skirt, is one of the features that makes them so captivating to watch underwater.

This graceful movement is both a survival tactic and a spectacle to witness. When disturbed, the Spanish Dancer can use this motion to quickly escape predators, making it one of the most agile nudibranchs in the ocean.

Did you know? Emperor Shrimps: Hitchhiking in Style

In a fascinating underwater partnership, Emperor Shrimps can often be spotted riding atop a Spanish Dancer.
In this symbiotic relationship, the shrimp benefits from both transportation and protection while helping to keep the nudibranch clean by feeding on debris and parasites.

Emperor shrimp is the Spanish dancer's symbiotic partner

Spanish Dancer with 2 emperor partner shrimps

Anatomy of the Spanish Dancer

Spanish dancers have a unique anatomy that helps them navigate and survive in their marine environment.

Their 6 gills, arranged in a circle around their anus, are located on the tail end of the upper side of their flattened bodies, allowing them to efficiently breathe underwater.

The rhynophore, a pair of antenna-like structures on their head, helps them detect chemicals and movement in the water, providing them with a sense of their surroundings.

Their mouth is equipped with oral tentacles, which they use to grasp and manipulate sponges they feed on.

A muscular foot on their underside allows them to crawl along the seafloor, while their mantle, a large, flared structure on their back, typically coils alongside their body.

When threatened, the parapodia, the extremity of the mantle, can unfurl, allowing them to "fly" away in the most elegant - flamenco dancing - manner.

infographic: Spanish dancer anatomy of a flamenco dorid nudibranch

Conclusion: A nudi to add on your night diving bucket list!

spanish dancer is one of the coolest nudibranch

Whether you’re cruising through the vibrant reefs off the coasts of Burma and Thailand or exploring the diverse underwater habitats of the Indo-Pacific, the Spanish Dancer offers a breathtaking glimpse into the wonders of marine life.

With its dazzling colors, graceful swimming, and intriguing reproductive habits, this nudibranch truly embodies the artistry of Mother Nature.

So next time you go on a night dive, keep your eyes peeled for this marine marvel—you’re in for a show that’s as elegant as a flamenco performance!

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All about the Ornate Ghost Pipefish – The Reef Phantom

17/6/2025

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So delicate, they vanish into coral shadows. So rare, even seasoned divers celebrate a glimpse. Meet the mysterious beauty haunting the reefs of the Andaman Sea: the Ornate Ghost Pipefish.

🎭 Master of Disguise: What Is an Ornate Ghost Pipefish?

The Ornate Ghost Pipefish (Solenostomus paradoxus) is one of the ocean’s most captivating illusions. Though related to seahorses and pipefish, it belongs to a distinct family--Solenostomidae—and lives a life defined by camouflage, elegance, and enigma.

Ornate ghost pipefish in Andaman Sea, Thailand

often mimic crinoids (feather stars), soft corals, or seaweed

These reef phantoms range from 5–12 cm in length and sport a tubular snout, delicate fins, and intricate coloration that blends seamlessly with their environment. Their shape and texture often mimic crinoids (feather stars), soft corals, or seaweed, allowing them to vanish in plain sight.

Ornate ghost pipefish in Mergui Archipelago, Myanmar

What truly sets them apart, however, is how they float motionlessly, head-down, mimicking bits of drifting sea matter. To the untrained eye, they’re practically invisible.

🔍 Where to Spot One: Habitat & Behavior

You’ll most likely find Ornate Ghost Pipefish in sheltered, sandy areas of coral reefs, especially:

Among crinoids, which they mimic with startling accuracy
Hanging near soft coral fans or gorgonians
Close to the reef bottom, where they can hover in the current unnoticed

They prefer calm conditions and tend to show up in specific sites year after year, often returning to similar spots when conditions are right.

🌊 Top Dive Sites to See Them:
Shark Cave (Mergui Archipelago, Myanmar), Richelieu Rock, Hin Daeng, Hin Muang (Andaman Sea Thailand)

Ornate ghost pipefish almost invisible in front of seafan

2 ornate ghost pipefish approaching beautiful gorgonians

ghost pipefish, gorgonians and glass fish

📆 Best Time to See Them: November to April

Ornate Ghost Pipefish are seasonal, most commonly seen during the dry season in the Andaman Sea Thailand and Burma:

🗓 November – April

This period offers the best visibility, warm waters, and calm seas—perfect for spotting elusive macro life.

Fascinating ornate ghost pipefish and beautiful gorgonians

🔬 The Life Cycle & Reproduction of a Ghost

What makes the Ornate Ghost Pipefish even more fascinating is its reproductive biology, which differs significantly from most reef fish.

Ornate ghost pipefish in Mergui Archipelago

beautiful ornate ghost pipefish portrait

💑 Courtship & Mating

During the breeding season, usually aligned with peak visibility months, males and females pair up and are often seen drifting side-by-side in gentle currents. Their courtship is subtle, consisting of synchronized movements and gentle displays.

🥚 Unique Egg-Carrying Behavior

The female takes on the primary reproductive role—not only producing the eggs but also carrying them.

Her pelvic fins fuse to form a specialized brood pouch—a kind of open "sac" where she stores fertilized eggs.

She can carry up to several dozen eggs at a time, offering them protection and oxygenation through gentle fin movement.

This behavior is rare in fish and more commonly associated with their relatives, the seahorses (where males carry eggs). In ghost pipefish, however, it’s the female who guards and nurtures the young.

🐣 Hatching & Lifespan

After incubation (a period of roughly 1–2 weeks, depending on temperature), the tiny larvae are released into the water column. These larvae are planktonic—drifting with ocean currents, vulnerable to predators and the environment.

The Ornate Ghost Pipefish has a short lifespan, typically less than a year, which adds to their rarity and value for divers. You may spot juveniles in mid or late season, depending on water conditions and reproductive timing.

ornate ghost pipefish swimming near gorgonians

📸 Pro Tips for Divers & Underwater Photographers

Ornate ghost pipefish head macro photography

Macro lens: A 60mm macro lens is a solid option. These fish are small and delicate—macro photography helps capture crisp, detailed shots.

Red focus light: If there isn’t enough natural light, avoid startling them with a strong white beam. Use a red focus light instead to reduce disturbance.

Buoyancy control: Stay still and patient; sudden movements can cause them to drift away or vanish behind coral fans.

Dive slowly: Follow your guide closely—they usually know where to find Ghost Pipefish and the crinoids they like to hide in.

Beautiful ornate ghost pipefish head by Franck Fogarolo

🤫 Did you know?
Ornate Ghost Pipefish often appear in pairs during mating season. If you spot one, look nearby—you may find its mate hovering in synchrony.

Perfectly camouflaged ornate ghost pipefish

🌊 Why Seeing One Is So Special

Ornate Ghost Pipefish don’t form large groups. They don’t build nests. They don’t even return year after year to the same exact reef. Their lives are brief and nomadic, and their success depends entirely on staying hidden.

The most commonly encountered ghost pipefish species in the Andaman Sea is the Ornate Ghost Pipefish

That’s why a sighting—especially of a gravid female carrying eggs—feels like finding a secret in the sea.

The most commonly encountered ghost pipefish species in the Andaman Sea is the Ornate Ghost Pipefish (Solenostomus paradoxus). However, the Robust Ghost Pipefish (Solenostomus cyanopterus) can also occasionally be found.

A robust ghost pipefish in the Andaman Sea

🎒 Dive Into the Mystery with The Smiling Seahorse

If you dream of encountering an Ornate Ghost Pipefish in the wild, your best bet is to join one of our liveaboard cruises. Our expert guides know exactly where these elusive creatures like to hide, and our small-group approach ensures a calm, respectful environment to truly appreciate their beauty.
🐟 Book your cruise now and dive with the reef’s most ghostly residents.
Don’t miss your chance to meet some of the ocean’s rarest and most magical stars.

CRUISES SCHEDULE

The Smiling Seahorse

By Clément

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Guitar fish: guitar rays or guitar sharks?

15/9/2024

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What are Guitarfish? "A Ray That Looks Like a Shark"

Guitarfish, are fascinating creatures that blur the line between sharks and rays. Their distinctive guitar-shaped body has earned them this unique name.
All guitarfish use to be part of the Rhinobastidae family : "Rhine" derives from the Greek word for shark, and "batis" is Latin for ray, reflecting their hybrid appearance. Despite being rays, their dorsal fins and shark-like tails often lead to confusion, with many calling them "guitar sharks."
While the Shovelnose ray pictured above (Rhinobatos ranongensis) are still part of the Rhinobastidae, Marine biologists have now separated most wedgefish into the Rhinidae Family such as the bowmouth guitarfish below (Rhina ancylostoma) or the giant guitarfish, also known as the whitespotted wedgefish (Rhynchobatus Australiae).

Bowmouth guitar fish - Burma banks 2024

"Rare Encounter: Bowmouth Guitarfish at the Burma Banks

Anatomy and Adaptations
Guitarfish's unique anatomy combines features of both rays and sharks but despite their shark-like appearance, guitarfish are members of the ray family.

Like other rays, guitarfish have their mouths positioned on the underside of their bodies, making it easy to feed on bottom-dwelling organisms but difficult to breathe through their mouth! Instead, they use spiracles—small openings on their heads--to breathe without sucking in sand or debris while resting on the seabed.
Guitarfish do not need to keep on swimming, they can pump water through their gills in order to obtain the oxygen that they need.

Like sharks and unlike other rays, which rely on their pectoral fins for propulsion, guitarfish swim using their shark-like tails, giving them a distinctive movement pattern in the water.

Bowmouth guitarfish, a remarkable species within this group, boast rows of thorn-like spikes along their back, providing an armor-like defense against predators. These spikes, along with their robust bodies, make them uniquely adapted to life in the tropical shallows.

The lower jaw of the bowmouth guitarfish (Rhina ancylostoma) features teeth with rounded, ridged surfaces, perfectly adapted for crushing the shells of their prey. Photograph: King’s College London.

Diet: What do guitar shark eat?

Guitarfish are bottom feeders, primarily consuming crustaceans, mollusks, and small fish that inhabit sandy or muddy seabeds. Their flat teeth are designed to crush the hard shells of their prey, allowing them to feed on a variety of sea creatures that many other predators cannot.

One fascinating adaptation of bowmouth guitarfish is their rows of shark-like spines along their backs. These spines serve as a natural defense mechanism, deterring predators such as larger sharks. Unfortunately they are also sold in Asia as luxury jewellery ornament.

Reproduction of the guitar rays

Like many rays, guitarfish are ovoviviparous. This means their embryos develop within eggs that remain inside the mother's body. Once the eggs hatch internally, the female gives birth to live pups, typically ranging from 2 to 11 at a time. These young are fully developed and ready to swim and feed independently from birth.

Are guitar sharks dangerous?

Despite their imposing size—some species, like the giant guitarfish on the right, can grow up to 3 meters (9.8 feet)—guitarfish are entirely harmless to humans.

They are gentle creatures whose primary predators include larger sharks, such as Tiger sharks, and humans due to overfishing.

Unfortunately, many species of guitarfish are now classified as vulnerable or endangered.

Giant guitarfish, also known as the whitespotted wedgefish (Rhynchobatus Australiae) - photo by Yon Soponwit

Conservation Status: A Species Under Threat

Guitarfish face numerous threats, including overfishing for their meat and fins, habitat destruction from coastal development, and bycatch in commercial fisheries. Many species are now classified as vulnerable or endangered.

For instance, the bowmouth guitarfish is listed as critically endangered by the IUCN.

Beside the bycatch that makes up its share of damage, Guitarfish are hunted down for their large fins by finning vessels as well as for their distinctive thorns. Those sharp, shark teeth looking spines along their backs—have become sought-after items embedded into jewelry. Some believed they provide the wearer with protective powers. This usage also contributes to the species' decline, as these critically endangered creatures face increased exploitation for both their fins and these unique adornments.

Conservation efforts include establishing marine protected areas, enforcing sustainable fishing practices, and raising public awareness about their ecological importance.

guitarfish jewellery trade a threat to the species

Bowmouth guitarfish thorns are use in Thai traditional jewellery - Photo by: Shin Sirachai Arunrugstichai

guitarfish are being hunted down for their fins and thorns

They are also fished for their valuable fins and by mistake in large nets. Photo by : Shin Sirachai Arunrugstichai

Fun Facts About Guitarfish

Bowmouth guitar fish coming curiously to check us out at the Burma banks

Where can you see Guitarfish

Targeted by Shark Finning: The large fins of bowmouth guitarfish make them highly vulnerable to the shark finning industry, which is a significant contributor to their critically endangered status.
From By-Catch to Delicacy: Once discarded as a worthless by-catch species, shovelnose guitarfish are now prized for their meat, which is considered a delicacy in many regions.
Mud Skates: Giant guitarfish are sometimes called "mud skates" due to their preference for residing in muddy or sandy habitats. These areas provide both camouflage and an abundance of prey.
Monogamous Mating Habits: Shovelnose guitarfish typically form monogamous pairs during breeding season. Reproducing annually, they can give birth to as many as 30 live pups.
Hunting with Sensors: Shovelnose guitarfish rely on specialized sensors, not their eyesight, to detect changes in water pressure. This allows them to effectively hunt in low-visibility conditions.
A Rare Encounter: With their dwindling numbers, spotting a bowmouth guitarfish is a privilege few divers experience. If you're lucky enough to come across one, make sure to be camera ready!

Guitarfish inhabit the warm, shallow waters of tropical and subtropical seas. They prefer sandy or muddy seabeds where they can feed and burrow.
The bowmouth guitarfish, has first been spotted in Western Rock, in the South of Mergui Archipelago and then the Burma banks.
On one memorable dive at the Burma Banks, a bowmouth guitarfish swam close to inspect our group, we were possibly the first divers it had ever encountered!
A group of Giant guitarsharks has settled down for a while around Koh Bon pinnacle and Surin islands.

shovel nose guitar fish, Burmese guitar ray, guitar shark on the sand

Shovel nose guitar fish - Black Rock

These shovelnose rays (Rhinobatos ranongensis) were spotted by hundreds on the deeper parts of Black Rock, north of Mergui Archipelago, it was a carpet of them in the depths around the dive site.

They like colder water and often show up when water temperature drop.

These rays camouflage themselves so well by burrowing into the sandy seabed, it took us a while to spot one and then we saw so many!!!

This region of the Andaman Sea is home to a wide variety of ray species, including several species of guitarfish.

Click this link if you want to know more about Marine life we see in Burma.
Or below for more details about our diving expeditions...

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The Colorful World of the Peacock Mantis Shrimp

25/10/2023

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If you've never heard of the peacock mantis shrimp, you're in for a real treat! These striking and enigmatic creatures are like the rock stars of the ocean, and they go by the scientific name Odontodactylus scyllarus. Let's dive into their vibrant world and uncover the answers to some of the most burning questions about these incredible marine marvel...
Before we get into the fun facts, let's give credit where it's due: the Latin name. Odontodactylus scyllarus may sound like a mouthful, but when you break it down, it makes sense. "Odontodactylus" translates to "toothed finger," and "scyllarus" is a reference to the Scylla, a sea monster from Greek mythology. So, in a way, the scientific name hints at the mantis shrimp's formidable appendages and its mythical aura.

In the world of marine biology, peacock mantis shrimp are the embodiment of beauty, strength, and mystery. Their striking appearance, lightning-fast strikes, and superhuman vision make them a true wonder of the ocean. The more you learn about them, the more you'll realize that there's never a dull moment in the colorful world of the peacock mantis shrimp.
So, the next time you think of oceanic wonders, don't forget to give these marine rock stars the attention they truly deserve! Whether you're a marine enthusiast or simply curious about the wonders of the seas, the peacock mantis shrimp never fails to captivate and astonish with its kaleidoscope of colours and extraordinary abilities.

4 incredible fun facts about the peacock mantis shrimps!

** Mantis Shrimp Fun Fact #1: The Peacock of the Sea**

The peacock mantis shrimp earns its dazzling nickname due to its vibrant and iridescent coloration. These marine gems come in a range of spectacular shades, including vibrant greens, blues, and fiery reds. Their bodies are adorned with intricate patterns, making them a true art piece.

** Mantis Shrimp Fun Fact #2: Super Smashers of the Ocean**

Peacock mantis shrimp are not just pretty. They are ferocious predators with a pair of specialised front limbs that can strike with the speed of a bullet! Their clubs can deliver blows with the force of a .22 caliber bullet, and they use this power to break open the shells of prey like crabs and snails they love. The mantis shrimp's hunting prowess is so legendary that it's even been known to break aquarium glass. It's not a pet you'd want to mess with!

Curious mantis shrimp in Koh Lanta National Park

Peakock mantis shrimp and amazing coral reef

** Mantis Shrimp Fun Fact #3: Color Vision Extraordinaire**

Mantis shrimp vision is the stuff of science fiction. While we humans have three color receptors, these oceanic superheroes have sixteen! They can see polarized light, ultraviolet, and colors that are beyond our comprehension. This super-vision helps them spot prey, predators, and mates with astonishing clarity.

** Mantis Shrimp Fun Fact #4: Mantis Shrimps are Neither Mantis, nor Shrimp

While the name "mantis shrimp" might suggest a curious fusion of a praying mantis and a shrimp, they're neither related to mantises nor actual shrimp. These captivating creatures belong to the stomatopod family, a group of marine crustaceans that have evolved into a unique and independent branch of the evolutionary tree. So, the next time you're pondering their peculiar moniker, just remember that mantis shrimps are in a league of their own, defying conventional categories in the animal kingdom.

An interesting life cycle

Mantis shrimp have a fascinating life cycle. Fertilized eggs are attached to specialized swimmerets on the female's abdomen using a sticky secretion. The female protects and fans the eggs, ensuring oxygen circulation and preventing the growth of harmful fungi or bacteria during the incubation period, which lasts several weeks.
Once ready to hatch, the female releases the eggs into the water, where they become tiny larvae known as nauplii. These larvae go through multiple developmental stages, feeding on plankton and small organisms until they reach maturity, just like other crustaceans. We can see them very regularily on our blackwater dives. After reaching maturity, they settle on the reef.

Very small larval mantis shrimp on blackwater dive

This alien face is a larval mantis shrimp

This little alien will become a beautiful mantis shrimp

Smasher vs Spearer Mantis Shrimp

The raptorial appendages of the mantis shrimp have different shapes depending on the species. Some have claw-like appendages known as "spearers," while others have appendages that resemble hammers, giving rise to the name "smashers."
The peacock mantis shrimps are "smashers" and are particularly fascinating because they can strike with a force greater than most other animals, despite their relatively small size. It is believed that this incredible punching ability is a result of the mantis shrimp's unique muscle structure, which combines spring-like mechanisms with a locking mechanism to store and release energy rapidly.
Below are a few photos of Spearing Mantis Shrimp (Lysiosquilla maculata). They are much lighter in colour and live in a vertical burrow in the sand, while peacock mantis shrimp prefers rocky areas on the reef.

Mantis shrimp camouflaged on the coral reel

Mantis shrimp well camouflaged in the sand

Now, let's answer some of the most common questions people ask about peacock mantis shrimp:

**1. Can peacock mantis shrimp see more colors than humans?**

Humans have three color receptors (red, green, and blue cones), allowing us to perceive a wide range of colours.
Peacock mantis shrimp have an astonishing sixteen (or more) colour receptors, enabling them to see colours beyond human comprehension, including ultraviolet light and polarized light.
In the underwater realm, the peacock mantis shrimp's eyes are a true anomaly. Their ability to see a rainbow of colors and polarized light sets them apart as one of the ocean's most visually gifted inhabitants. In comparaison, horses or dogs, are called dichromatic, meaning they have two primary color receptors or cones in their eyes. Less than humans and much much less than Mantis Shrimps!

Another great Frank's shot of a peakock mantis shrimp

Supersonic Vision!

Bullet fast punch!

**2. How fast is the peacock mantis shrimp's punch?**

The peacock mantis shrimp has one of the most powerful and fastest punches in the animal kingdom. It possesses specialized appendages called "raptorial appendages" that it uses to strike its prey. These appendages, also known as "smashers," are highly dexterous and possess incredible strength.
When a peacock mantis shrimp strikes, it accelerates its "hammer like appendage" at an astonishing speed of 23 meters per second. This unbelievable speed generates an impressive amount of force, with some estimates suggesting that it can exert up to 1,500 Newtons, which is equivalent to a bullet being fired from a .22 caliber rifle!

**3. Are peacock mantis shrimp dangerous to humans?**

While their punch can shatter shells and glass, mantis shrimps aren't a threat to humans. However, it's wise not to bring your fingers too close to their powerful hammers!!!

**4. How do peacock mantis shrimp communicate with each other?**

These mantis shrimp often use a combination of visual signals and body language for communication. They display various color patterns and postures to convey information about their intentions, such as territorial disputes or courtship rituals.

**5. What are some interesting behaviors of peacock mantis shrimp?**

Peacock mantis shrimp are known for their meticulous burrowing behavior. They construct intricate burrows with multiple chambers, which serve as both protection and a place to ambush unsuspecting prey. They are also quite territorial and will fiercely defend their burrows.

**6. Can peacock mantis shrimp regenerate their limbs?**

Yes, peacock mantis shrimp have a remarkable ability to regenerate their limbs if they get injured or lose one during battles or accidents. Their powerful resilience is another testament to their extraordinary adaptations.

**7. Where can you find peacock mantis shrimp in the wild?**

Peacock mantis shrimp inhabit the warm waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, particularly in the tropical coral reefs. You can often spot them in rocky crevices and burrows along the seafloor. While amazing and incredible creatures, Mantis shrimps are not rare in our dives and and our guides see them on every single one of our Andaman Sea adventures.

Wanna know more about the Marine Life of the Andaman Sea? Check out this page for reference!

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Triggerfish you can encounter while diving in the Andaman Sea

7/9/2023

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Trigger fish you can encounter while diving in the Andaman Sea

There are many species of trigger fish who belongs to the Balistidae family. They live in shallow water near coral reef except for the oceanic triggerfish (Canthidermis maculata) who's spend his life in the blue.

Oceanic triggerfish (Canthidermis maculata)

Titan Triggerfish (Balistoides viridescens)

The most know, specially for his aggressive behavior against divers, is the Titan Triggerfish (Balistoides viridescens). They are in fact protecting their eggs.

Female will lay their eggs few days before new and full moon after male and female will perform some prespawnings behavior like blowing and touching, to create their nest on sandy or rocky area. They will blow water to create a hole in the floor where the female will lays his eggs. The male will protect and defend the territory from any species swimming too close, and also from the other male triggerfish. Generally, a male will fecund the eggs of few females within his territory.

The impressive tooth of the titan triggerfish

Titan triggerfish are known to attack diver who are swimming to close to their nest

Beautiful titan triggerfish observing us

They are known to attack diver who are swimming too close to their nest, and a common diver mistake would be to escape them by shallowing up. Their territory is in a cone shape from the nest getting bigger while going up. So the good reaction would be to swim away horizontal to get out of their zone quickly, keeping our fins in the direction of the fish to avoid any harm.

Another good way to avoid any attack would be to observe their change of behavior.

They would rise their dorsal fin first, then lean on one side as a last warning, then finally if we are getting even closer to them, they will swim towards us trying to bite whatever they can catch.
This generally happen only when they are keeping an eye on their eggs...

Clown triggerfish (Balistoides conspicillum)

The beautiful "body painting" of the clown triggerfish

Another trigger fish we love is the clown triggerfish (Balistoides conspicillum) with its white dots on the lower part of the body and its yellow blotch on the back and the face.
They are less common than the titan, the redtooth or the yellow margin, but still can be found in the archipelago.

Redtooth triggerfish

The redtooth triggerfish (Odonus niger) live specially on our pinnacle and like when there is current.
They will go and hide in cracks and little cavities to rest. They form school and eat mainly plankton.

Yellowmargin triggerfish (Pseudobalistes flavimarginatus)

The yellowmargin triggerfish (Pseudobalistes flavimarginatus) is also very common in the archipelago. It lives in coral reefs and can grow up to 60 cm.

A titan triggerfish on the blue...

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How to Spot, Snap, and Get Mesmerized by the Master of Camouflage: The Frogfish!

7/8/2023

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Frogfishes are a group of marine fish that are known for their unusual and often comical appearance. Members of the anglerfish family Antennariidae⁠, these fish are found in tropical and subtropical waters all over the world, and they are popular among scuba divers due to their unique appearance and behaviour.

One of the most notable features of frogfishes is their body shape, which is typically plump and round. They have large, bulbous heads, small eyes, and shortened, blunt snouts. Their bodies are covered in small spines and protuberances, which give them a rough, spiky appearance blending perfectly with the reef they call home!
Frogfishes are also known for their ability to change colour. Unlike the cameleon, it takes several weeks for them to change colour but when they do, they blend in perfectly with their surroundings. This helps them to remain hidden both from predators and to sneak up on their prey. In addition to changing colour, frogfishes also have the ability to expand and contract their bodies, which allows them to move quickly through the water and they are one of the only fishes that can walk!

Reef clown or reef hunter?

Despite their somewhat comical appearance, frogfishes are actually quite skilled predators. They have a unique method of hunting that involves luring their prey close with a specialized appendage called an esca, which is located on the end of their snout. When a prey animal approaches the esca, the frogfish will quickly snatch it up with its powerful jaws.

Sex on the reef when you're a frogfish

Frogfishes are also known for their unique mating habits.

When female frogfish are ready to mate, they start producing eggs, causing their bellies to swell and become more buoyant. This attracts male frogfish, who will then nudge the female until they are both floating on the surface. At this point, the female will release her eggs, forming a gelatinous raft that the male will fertilize. Some species leave these rafts to float in the open ocean, while others attach them to their bodies or the ocean floor and guard them until they hatch.

Females can produce between 40,000 and 180,000 eggs per season, and the resulting fry emerge from the eggs after 2-5 days looking like tiny jellyfish with long fin filaments. After a few months, they begin to take on the same coloration as poisonous sea slugs, which helps them avoid being eaten by larger fish and other predators. Eventually, the fry will settle onto a reef and stay there until it is time to mate again.

3 fun facts about frogfishes that you should know about!

1/ Did you know that frogfish get their name from the fact that they resemble frogs? They have unique pectoral fins with an "elbow-like" bend at the front and smaller pelvic fins that resemble legs. This is a characteristic common to all frogfish species.
2/ Another interesting fact about frogfish is that they have the fastest known bite in the animal kingdom, with a predatory strike speed of 1/6000th of a second. This makes their bite the fastest self-powered predatory strike in the animal kingdom, with mantis shrimp and seahorses coming in close behind...
3/ Inflation - Frogfish can inflate their body to startle predators. Frogfish do not have teeth and it swallows its prey in one piece. It can swallow the prey that is 2 times bigger than the fish itself thanks to ability to expand the mouth 12 times its normal size.

Frogfish Identification

Identifying frogfish can be a challenging task due to their wide range of colors and patterns, as well as their ability to change their appearance to blend in with their surroundings. To determine the species of a frogfish, several characteristics can be used, including size, spot patterns, rod length, and lure type.

One common species of frogfish found in the Indo-Pacific region is the giant frogfish (Antennarius commerson). This species can reach up to 30 cm in size and is distinguished by its long rod (called an illicium) and small, bushy esca (lure) with fine, long filaments. The giant frogfish also has thick, bulb-like second and third dorsal spines.

Another species found in the region is the freckled frogfish (Antennarius coccineus), which grows up to 10 cm in size and has an illicium of the same length as its second spine. This species has a small tufted esca with dark swellings at the base and lacks a distinct tail base, which distinguishes it from the similar-looking spotfin frogfish.

The warty frogfish (Antennarius maculatus) is another commonly encountered species, growing up to 8-10 cm in size and having an illicium that is twice as long as its second spine. This species is easily recognizable by its warty skin, triangular patches radiating from its eye, and a thin membrane on its second and third dorsal spines. Its esca is designed to mimic small fish or shrimp and has an "eye spot."

The painted frogfish (Antennarius pictus) is a rarer species in the Indo-Pacific, growing up to 15 cm in size and having an illicium that is twice as long as its second spine. It is distinguished by its bushy esca with compressed appendages and can be easily confused with a juvenile giant frogfish. However, the painted frogfish has three spots on its tailfin and can also have a color phase similar to the warty frogfish, but with triangular markings that do not radiate from the eye.

The striated or hairy frogfish (Antennarius striatus) is another species found in the region, reaching up to 20 cm in size and having an illicium of the same length as its second spine. It is distinguished by its distinctive stripe pattern and its esca, which has large, worm-like appendages.

credit- Christian Gloor

The sargassum frogfish (Histrio histrio) is a species that is leaves offshore, typically found in sargassum weed drifting in the ocean, and therefore is rarely seen by divers. It grows up to 15 cm in size and has an illicium that is half the length of its second spine, as well as a small esca with folds.
We got extremely lucky to spot this fellow near the surface to get this beautiful triple reflection!
(only one frogfish here, the bottom one...)

The psychedelic frogfish (Histiophryne psychedelica) is a very distinctive species with a freaky appearance. It has only been found in a few places around Ambon and is thought to live very deep, coming to diveable depths only to breed. It grows up to 5 cm in size and lacks an illicium and esca.

Credit Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository

To date, there are 49 known species of frogfish, with many more waiting to be formally identified. While they may not be common, frogfish can be found in a variety of habitats and are masters of camouflage, making them an exciting find for scuba divers. Keep an eye out for these weird and wonderful creatures on your next diving trip.

Here are some tips on how to spot, photograph, and appreciate the unique characteristics of these masterful creatures.

Spotting Frogfishes

In addition to their unusual appearance and behaviour, frogfishes are also popular among scuba divers due to the challenge to find them making them all the more attractive! If you are considering seeing a frogfish while diving, it is important to choose your guides carefully. Frogfishes come in a variety of colors and sizes. When searching for frogfishes, keep an eye out for unusual shapes and patterns on your dive. Look for lumps, bumps, and protrusions that may not be part of the surrounding environment. Frogfishes are also known to use their lure to attract prey, so keep an eye out for any movement that seems out of place.

Improve your frogfish shots!

Frogfishes make for excellent subjects for underwater photography, as their unique appearance and behavior make for captivating shots.
Here are some tips to keep in mind to ensure you capture the best shots.

When taking underwater photographs of frogfish, patience is crucial. Avoid touching, poking or disturbing them as they are likely to carry on with their natural behavior, providing great opportunities for capturing stunning shots.
The choice of lens will depend on the size of the frogfish, ranging from 105mm to 10.5mm. However, most mid-range lenses are suitable for capturing these fascinating creatures, and even a compact camera can deliver excellent results.
For intricate details of their camouflage pattern, side lighting is recommended.
Inward-facing strobe positioning is ideal for creating a black background behind the frogfish, even with only a few inches of open water. Leave enough space in the frame to be prepared for capturing unique behavior shots, such as the frogfish using its lure or yawning.
Locking the focus is useful for capturing rapid-fire photos or when photographing black objects, while using a shallow depth of field can create a beautiful bokeh in the background, helping to highlight the frogfish against its surroundings.

In conclusion, frogfishes are a true wonder of the underwater world. By following these tips, you can spot, photograph, and appreciate their beauty and charm. So, the next time you're on a dive trip, keep an eye out for these quirky creatures and be prepared to be mesmerised!

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Discover the magnificent species of sharks that you may encounter in the Andaman Sea.

11/7/2023

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Discover the magnificent species of sharks that you may encounter in the Andaman Sea.

The Andaman Sea in Thailand and Myanmar is a paradise for divers enthusiasts, boasting a diverse ecosystem that is home to an array of captivating marine life. Among the majestic creatures that roam these waters, sharks hold a special place in the hearts of many...

In this article, we will delve into the fascinating world of sharks that you can encounter in the Andaman Sea...

9 species of sharks we most often encounter in the Andaman Sea

1. Leopard Sharks (Stegostoma fasciatum):

Leopard Sharks (Stegostoma fasciatum)

Also known as zebra sharks, these mesmerizing creatures can be found in the shallow waters of the Andaman Sea. With their distinctive patterns of dark spots and stripes, leopard sharks are a sight to behold. Despite their size, reaching up to 3 meters in length, they are docile and pose no threat to humans.

Type: The zebra shark is the sole member of the family Stegostomatidae.
It is found throughout the tropical Indo-Pacific, frequenting coral reefs and sandy flats to a depth of 62 meter.

Size: 1–3 meters.

Habitat: what site gives you the best changes to see Leopard sharks?
Divers often encounter them at Phuket Shark point resting on sandy bottoms or gracefully gliding through coral reefs.

Reproduction: Zebra sharks are oviparous, meaning they lay eggs instead of giving live birth. They can breed year-round without a distinct mating season. However, they tend to lay their eggs within a 112-day period, typically laying only 3-4 eggs at a time. The eggs are enclosed in brownish-purple casings known as "mermaid purses." After four to six months, the eggs hatch, and the juvenile zebra sharks can fend for themselves and search for food.

2. Whitetip Reef Sharks (Triaenodon obesus)

Whitetip Reef Sharks (Triaenodon obesus)

These sleek and slender sharks are commonly spotted in the Andaman Sea, particularly around rocky reefs and coral formations. Named for their prominent white-tipped dorsal and caudal fins, whitetip reef sharks are nocturnal hunters, often seen resting during the day in crevices or under overhangs. Although they can reach lengths of up to 2 meters, they are generally timid and pose little danger to humans.

Type: Requiem shark in the Carcharhinidae family

What site gives you the best changes to see White tip reef sharks? Divers often encounter them close to deep drop offs in the Similan islands such as elephant head rock or 3 trees.

Reproduction: this species is placental viviparous. Fertilization occurs internally, and the embryos receive nourishment initially from the yolk sac. Later, the yolk stalk converts into an umbilical cord, and the yolk sac transforms into a placenta.
This placental connection allows the embryos to receive nourishment and engage in metabolic exchanges with the mother shark during the gestation period, which lasts for at least five months. This aslo means these sharks have a belly button! Litters of white tip reef sharks consist of 1-5 pups. The length of the newborn pups ranges from 52 to 60 cm. There is no parental care provided by the mother shark after giving birth to the pups.

3. Blacktip Reef Sharks (Carcharhinus melanopterus):

Blacktip Reef Sharks (Carcharhinus melanopterus)

One of the most recognizable shark species in the Andaman Sea, blacktip reef sharks are renowned for their distinctive black-tipped fins and slender bodies. These agile swimmers are commonly found in shallow, nearshore waters, patrolling coral reefs in search of small fish and crustaceans. Divers can witness their graceful movements and occasionally observe them leaping out of the water.

Type: Requiem shark in the Carcharhinidae family

What site gives you the best changes to see Black tip reef sharks?
Divers often encounter them in shallow waters and Bida Nok in Phi Phi national park gives you the best chance to see several of them if you remain motionless and quiet.

Reproduction: Black tip reef sharks are viviparous, meaning they give live birth to fully developed pups. After a gestation period lasting seven to sixteen months, varying by geographic location, two to four pups are born, they measure 30 to 50 cm. The female possesses two separate uteruses, each dedicated to nurturing an individual embryo.

4. Nurse Sharks (Nebrius ferrugineus)

Nurse Sharks (Nebrius ferrugineus)

Nurse sharks, with their robust bodies and barbels on their lower jaw, are a common sight in the Andaman Sea. These bottom-dwelling sharks prefer sandy or muddy habitats, often resting during the day and becoming more active at night. Despite their size, which can exceed 4 meters, nurse sharks are generally placid and pose no threat to divers unless provoked.

Type: Carpet shark in the Ginglymostomatidae family

Size: 27cm at birth to up to 4 meters

What site gives you the best changes to see Nurse sharks? The best site to see Nurse shark in our area is around the Burma banks and quiet caves in Mergui Archipelago. While they can be spotted in Thailand, it is more of a rare, less predictable occurance.

Reproduction: an aplacental viviparous species (without a yolk-sac placenta). 20-50 pups per litter. DNA analysis has shown that litters contain young from multiple males.

5. Tiger Shark (Galeocerdo cuvier):

Tiger Shark (Galeocerdo cuvier)

The tiger shark is a captivating and powerful predator found in the North Andaman Sea and Burma. With its distinctive striped pattern and formidable presence, it commands attention. Known for its opportunistic feeding habits and adaptability, the tiger shark is a skilled hunter, preying on a variety of marine life. While encounters may be less common than with other shark species, the Andaman Sea's diverse ecosystem provides a suitable habitat for tiger sharks. Keep an eye out during your explorations for a chance to witness these impressive creatures in action.

Type: Largest of the Carcharinid Sharks

Habitat/ What site gives you the best changes to see Tiger sharks? Tigersharks are very rarely spotted in Thailand and Myanmar, we've seen 3 individuals in 12 years of diving the Andaman Sea! Encounters occurred at the Burma Banks, Surin islands and Shark point int he south of the Similan islands.

Reproduction: The tiger shark is the only aplacental viviparous carcharinid, lacking a placental connection to the uterus. Embryos develop in protective shells with a yellowish fluid. They have partially everted stomachs, potentially absorbing extra nutrients from the fluid, resulting in larger pups at birth. Do not confuse Tiger shark and sand tiger sharks. Unlike sand tiger sharks (Carcharias taurus), tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier) do not practice intrauterine cannibalism, refraining from consuming their siblings in the womb.

6. Silvertip Shark (Carcharhinus albimarginatus)

Silvertip Shark (Carcharhinus albimarginatus)

The silvertip shark is a sleek and striking predator that patrols the ocean with grace. Named for its distinctive silver-tipped fins, this species possesses a streamlined body built for speed and agility. With its sharp senses and excellent swimming abilities, the silvertip shark is an adept hunter, often preying on schools of fish. It is known for its bold and curious nature, making encounters with this magnificent creature both exhilarating and unforgettable.

Type: Requiem shark in the Carcharhinidae family

Habitat/ What site gives you the best changes to see Silvertip sharks? While it generally prefers offshore habitats, it can also be encountered in the Andaman Sea, including the waters around Burma.

Reproduction: Silvertip sharks are a viviparous species with a yolk-sac placenta. Each litter typically consists of 1 to 11 pups. The gestation period of silvertip sharks lasts around 12 months. During this time, the embryos develop inside the mother's uterus, receiving nourishment from a yolk-sac placenta.

7. Gray Bamboo Shark (Chiloscyllium griseum):

Gray Bamboo Shark (Chiloscyllium griseum)

Let's take a closer look at the delightful grey bamboo shark! While information about these Thailand-dwelling sharks is somewhat limited, one thing is clear: they have a knack for hiding. These elusive creatures prefer the seclusion of caves or the shelter of coral, making it challenging to gather extensive details about their habits and behaviors.

The grey bamboo shark, with a maximum length of around 80cm, prefers a diet consisting mainly of shrimp, crabs, worms, and other small fish. These sharks have a more leisurely pace and tend to stick close to the ocean floor or find cozy hideouts. It's worth noting that they often get mistaken for other bamboo shark species or even their distant (much larger) relative, the nurse shark.

Type: Carpet shark in the Hemiscylliidae family

Size: Maximum size 80cm. Size at birth less than 13-18cm.

Habitat/ What site gives you the best changes to see bamboo sharks? Volcano and square rocks at the south of Mergui Archipelago have plenty of hiding spots favoured by bamboo sharks but as they lay quite deep into the cracks, you will need the help of a good guide to find them!

Reproduction: bamboo sharks are oviparous. A single egg case develops in each uterus.
Their eggs hatch after 14 to 15 weeks of incubation. One captive female stored sperm for 45 months before fertilization!

8. Coral Catshark (Atelomycterus marmoratus)

Coral Catshark (Atelomycterus marmoratus)

The coral catshark, is a species that is commonly found in the Andaman Sea, including the waters around Burma.

The coral catshark is known for its distinctive appearance, with a marbled pattern of dark spots and blotches on its body. It is a small shark species, typically reaching a maximum length of about 70 centimeters. These sharks are primarily found in shallow, tropical waters, often inhabiting coral reefs and rocky areas.

Like other catsharks, the coral catshark is nocturnal and spends much of its time resting on the seabed during the day. At night, it becomes more active, hunting for small fishes, crustaceans, and other invertebrates. These sharks have slender bodies and are well adapted to navigating through the crevices and coral structures of their reef habitats.

In the Andaman Sea and Burma, the coral catshark is one of the many species that contribute to the rich biodiversity of the region's marine ecosystems. It serves as an important part of the food chain and plays a role in maintaining the balance of the reef ecosystem.

Type: is a species of catshark in the Scyliorhinidae family

Habitat/ What site gives you the best changes to see coral Catsharks?

Steps, a dive site near Koh Lipe in our South Andaman itineraries is your surest bet to sea coral catsharks.

Reproduction: Cat sharks are oviparous (meaning, they lay eggs that hatch after 1 to 6 weeks of incubation). Their eggs are layed in pair.

9. Whale Sharks (Rhincodon typus)

Whale Sharks (Rhincodon typus)

Undoubtedly one of the most majestic creatures in the ocean, the gentle giant known as the whale shark occasionally graces the waters of the Andaman Sea. Despite their enormous size, reaching lengths of up to 18 meters, these filter-feeding sharks pose no harm to humans. Snorkelers and divers are blessed with unforgettable encounters as they swim alongside these magnificent creatures, observing their peaceful nature.

Type: Filter feeding sharks in the rhincodontidae family

Habitat/ What site gives you the best changes to see Whale sharks?
While Whalesharks can be spotted anywhere in Thai waters, the Andaman Sea offers several prime locations for shark encounters, such as the Richelieu Rock in the North or Hin Deang, Hin Muang and 8 Mile Rock in the South of Thailand. Renowned for their abundance of marine life including whale sharks, the Mergui Archipelago in Myanmar is also a great spot where divers can witness a diverse range of shark species including whale sharks.

Reproduction: Limited information is available regarding the reproductive process of whale sharks. Male whale sharks are considered sexually mature when they reach a length of 8-9 m and can be identified by the presence of claspers near the pelvic fin. However, the size at which females reach maturity is unknown, as well as the existence and location of specific breeding grounds.
Whale sharks are believed to be ovoviviparous (aplacental viviparity), meaning that eggs develop inside the female's body and hatch internally. The embryos lack a placental connection with the mother and are initially nourished by the yolk sac, followed by uterine milk secreted by villi in the internal uterine wall. Once the embryos reach full term, they are live born.

A female whale shark harpooned off the coast of Taiwan contained approximately 300 embryos in her two uteri, ranging in size from 42 to 63 cm. It is suggested that newborn pups typically measure between 55 to 64 cm in length. Similar to other shark species, parental care is not observed in whale sharks.
Learn more about the mystery of baby whale sharks here.

Final Thought

It's important to note that responsible diving practices, such as maintaining a respectful distance and refraining from touching or feeding the sharks, are crucial to protect both the sharks and the delicate marine ecosystem they inhabit.

Diving in the Andaman Sea presents a thrilling opportunity to witness the beauty and grandeur of these fascinating sharks. As ambassadors of the ocean, it is our duty to cherish and respect these magnificent creatures, ensuring their preservation for generations to come.

Attention passionate divers! If you're eager to dive deeper into the world of gentle giants, then the Whale Sharks Special Expedition is an absolute must for you!

Join us on an unforgettable journey through the North and South Andaman Sea, where you'll have the incredible opportunity to learn about these magnificent creatures firsthand. Our expert marine biologist, Kirsty Magson from the esteemed Thailand Whale Shark Project, will provide captivating daily presentations on the mesmerizing world of Whale Sharks. Prepare to be enlightened, inspired, and amazed by this unique expedition!

So, gear up, dive in, and embark on an unforgettable adventure with the sharks of the Andaman Sea onboard The MV Smiling Seahorse !

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​Now, let's answer some of the most common questions people ask about peacock mantis shrimp:

Reef clown or reef hunter?

Sex on the reef when you're a frogfish

3 fun facts about frogfishes that you should know about!

Frogfish Identification

​Here are some tips on how to spot, photograph, and appreciate the unique characteristics of these masterful creatures.

Spotting Frogfishes

Improve your frogfish shots!

9 species of sharks we most often encounter in the Andaman Sea

Final Thought

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More information

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Conservation Status: A Species Under Threat

Now, let's answer some of the most common questions people ask about peacock mantis shrimp:

Here are some tips on how to spot, photograph, and appreciate the unique characteristics of these masterful creatures.